Alzheimer's is a complex neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by extraneuronal accumulation of β-amyloid peptide. Because of its complex nature, multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) are increasingly being considered as promising anti-Alzheimer therapeutic agents. This study is aimed at determining the effects of Cassia tora ethyl acetate fraction on several Alzheimer-associated deleterious events in test tubes as well as in human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH and SH-SY5Y cell lines.
METHOD
Ethyl acetate fraction of C. tora was purified by chromatography, characterized by
1H and
13C NMR, and tested for its ability to prevent Aβ
1-42 aggregation by thioflavin-T fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. We also analyzed the intracellular ROS level and cytotoxicity in SK-N-SH and SH-SY5Y cell lines.
RESULTS
The extract inhibits the formation of Aβ
1-42 aggregation from monomers and oligomers, as also acetylcholinesterase activity, Aβ
1-42 -induced cell death, and Aβ
1-42 -dependent intracellular ROS production in both SK-N-SH and SH-SY5Y cells. In-depth chromatographic and spectroscopic analysis of the extract revealed that the active molecules are most likely triglycerides of oleic acid (C
18H
34O
2).
CONCLUSION
We demonstrate for the first time that Cassia tora fraction prevents Aβ
1-42 aggregation, inhibits acetylcholinesterase and alleviates Aβ
1-42 -induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma cells. We further suggest the possible use of triglycerides of oleic acid as efficient anti-Alzheimer agents.