Group1 is control group and participants do not need intervention.

Group 2 is vinegar Group and participants in this group are asked to drink 15ml vinegar(Ninghuafu, Sanxi, China)after dinner at noon and evening respectively for a period of four weeks.

Urolithiasis

Each participant in vinegar group drink 15ml vinegar(Ninghuafu,Sanxi,China)after dinner at noon and evening respectively for a period of four weeks.

Vinegar group

Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University

Effect of Vinegar Consumption on 24-hour Urinary Risk Factors Associated With Stone Formation

The Effect of Vinegar Consumption on 24-hour Urinary Risk Factors Associated With Calcium Oxalate Urinary Stone Formation: a Randomised Controlled Trial

To compare the change of 24-hour urinary risk factors associated with calcium oxalate urinary stone formation which include Ph, volume, creatinine, oxalate, citrate, phosphate, uric acid, calcium, magnesium, sodium and chloride of 24-hour urine between two groups on the 7th,14th,21th and 28th day after drinking vinegar.

To compare the change of blood biochemical parameters which include fasting serum glucose, creatinine, urea, uric acid, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides,serum total bile acid, cholesterol, sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride ions before grouping and on the 28th day after drinking vinegar.

To compare the change of blood oxidative stress markers which include blood protein product(AOPP),MDA,glutathion peroxidase(GSH-PX),superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase activity(CAT) before grouping and on the 28th day after drinking vinegar.

Guohua Zeng

Vice President of the Hospital

The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University

Postpartum Hemorrhage

Recruiting only pregnant women prior to child-birth delivery.

misoprostol

Queens Hospital Center

Effect of Adjunctive Misoprostol Treatment on Blood Loss at Vaginal Delivery

Effect of Adjunctive Misoprostol on Blood Loss at Vaginal Delivery

Aleksandr Fuks

Directore, Department OB / GYN , Queens Hospital Center

New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation

Re-use clean polyvinyl chloride catheters for intermittent catheterization of children with spina bifida.

Use hydrophilic catheters (Speedicath) for intermittent catheterization of children with spina bifida.

Neurogenic Bladder

Spina Bifida

Subjects will use each type of catheter for 6 months and will report weekly in a diary on urinary tract infections (UTIs), urine dip for haematuria & leukocytes, antibiotic use, and days missed school; and will answer a Satisfaction questionnaire at the end of each 6 month arm.

Intermittent catheterization

Alberta Children's Hospital

University of Alberta

BC Children's Hospital

Winnipeg Children's Hospital

Comparing Urinary Tract Infections in Children With Spina Bifida Using Two Types of Catheters for Catheterization

A Comparison of the Incidence of Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infections in Children With Spina Bifida Using Hydrophilic or Non-hydrophilic Polyvinyl Chloride Catheters for Clean Intermittent Catheterization: a Randomized Cross Over Trial

Symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) as per CDC definitions

Comparative data between polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and hydrophilic catheter on convenience, comfort, ease of handling, continuing to use, and overall satisfaction recorded on validated Satisfaction Questionnaire by subject

urinalysis --- presence of leukocytes, haematuria as measured by subject and recorded in weekly diary

days missed of school or activities as recorded by subject in weekly diary

hematuria/unwohlsein und ermüdung

Effect of Vinegar Consumption on 24-hour Urinary Risk Factors Associated With Stone Formation

Effect of Adjunctive Misoprostol Treatment on Blood Loss at Vaginal Delivery

Comparing Urinary Tract Infections in Children With Spina Bifida Using Two Types of Catheters for Catheterization

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