Prevalence of hypogonadism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus among the Indian population

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of hypogonadism among Indian men with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and evaluate its association with various metabolic parameters.

Methods: One hundred fifty consecutive men with T2DM, aged 25-70 years, and one hundred age-matched healthy men without diabetes were included. The free testosterone (FT) level was calculated using the total testosterone (TT), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and albumin levels in serum. Patients with a calculated FT level <6.35 ng/dL and a positive response on the androgen deficiency in aging male questionnaire (ADAM) were diagnosed with hypogonadism.

Results: The prevalence of hypogonadism was 17.3% and 10% in men with and without T2DM, respectively. The body mass index (BMI) and the mean levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), TT, SHBG, Triglycerides (TG), and FT were significantly different between the groups. The mean BMI and TG levels were significantly higher in patients with T2DM than in those without. Both groups showed a significant negative correlation between the BMI and SHBG level.

Conclusion: The hypogonadism prevalence was higher in patients with T2DM than in those without, although the difference did not reach statistical significance.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Hypogonadism; Prevalence; Type 2.