Risk Factors for Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: a case-control study in a multiracial population
Λέξεις-κλειδιά
Αφηρημένη
Background: Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a chronic cicatricial alopecia with unknown etiology and a worldwide rising incidence.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of FFA with demographic and exposition factors in a Brazilian multiracial population.
Methods: A multicenter case-control study was conducted in 11 referral centers throughout Brazil. The study was a case-control study that prospectively recruited 902 participants (451 FFA and 451 sex-matched controls). Study participants completed a thorough questionnaire comprising variables grouped as baseline demographic, environmental exposition, diet, hormonal, allergies, and hair and skin care.
Results: When adjusted by sex, age, menopause and skin color, FFA was associated with hair straightening with formalin (OR 3.19), use of ordinary (non-dermatologic) facial soap (OR 2.09) and facial moisturizer (OR 1.99), thyroid disorders (OR 1.69), and rosacea (OR 2.08). Smokers (OR 0.33) and users of anti-residue / clarifying shampoo (OR 0.35), presented a negative association with FFA. There was no association with the use of sunscreen.
Limitations: Recall bias.
Conclusion: The association with moisturizers, odinary facial soap, and hair straightening with formalin and the negative association with anti-residue / clarifying shampoo reinforce the possibility of an exogenous particle triggering FFA.
Keywords: Frontal fibrosing alopecia; case-control; risk factors; sunscreens; tobacco.
