Does obesity affect the outcomes in takotsubo cardiomyopathy? Analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, 2010-2014.

BACKGROUND

Obesity can lead to increased oxidative stress which is one of the proposed mechanisms in the etiopathogenesis of takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM).

OBJECTIVE

The presence of obesity adversely impacts clinical outcomes in TCM patients.

METHODS

We queried the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database (2010-2014) to identify adult patients admitted with a principal diagnosis of TCM with and without obesity. We compared the categorical and continuous variables by Pearson χ2 and Student t test, respectively, in propensity-score matched cohorts.

RESULTS

The study cohort comprised 612 obese TCM (weighted n = 3034) and 5696 nonobese TCM (weighted n = 28 186) patients. Obese TCM patients were more often younger and private-insurance enrollees. Cardiac complications including acute myocardial infarction (9.0% vs 7.4%; P = 0.04), cardiac arrest (2.3% vs. 0.4%; P < 0.001), cardiogenic shock (4.3% vs. 3.2%; P = 0.03), congestive heart failure (5.0% vs. 3.8%; P = 0.02), respiratory failure (12.9% vs. 11.0%; P = 0.021) and use of mechanical hemodynamic support (Impella; 0.2% vs. 0.0%, P = 0.02) were significantly higher among obese TCM patients. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in all-cause mortality (1.0% vs. 0.8%; P = 0.35), arrhythmia (24.5% vs. 22.7%, P = 0.123), length of stay (3.7 ±3.5 vs. 3.7 ±3.6 days; P = 0.68), and total hospital charges ($40 780.16 vs. $42 575.14; P = 0.08).

CONCLUSIONS

Obese TCM patients were more susceptible to developing TCM-related cardiac complications than were nonobese TCM patients, without any impact on all-cause in-hospital mortality, LOS, and hospital charges.