Chemicals Constituents Isolated from Cultivate Alpinia conchigera Griff. and Antimicrobial Activity

Alpinia conchigera Griff. is a plant species from the family Zingiberaceae. Coloquially known as wild ginger, Alpinia conchigera Griff. is used as food condiment and for traditional treatment of skin diseases. Isolation studies to identify bioactive compounds of rhizomes of Alpinia conchigera yielded seven compounds; 1'S-1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (1), trans-p-coumaryl diacetate (2), p-hydroxycinnamyl acetate (3), 1'S-1'-hydroxychavicol acetate (4) p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (5), stigmasterol (6) and β-sitosterol (7). Compounds 1, 2 and 5 were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Among the compounds tested, Compound 1 showed good antimicrobial activity against the strain of MRSA with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value of 0.5 mg/mL. Meanwhile, Compounds 2 and 5 exhibited moderate activity with MIC value between 1.0 and 2.0 mg/mL. These findings indicate antimicrobial potential of 1'S-1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (1), compound derived from rhizome of Alpinia conchigera Griff. against MRSA, which warrant further investigation.

Alpinia conchigera Griff. merupakan spesies tumbuhan daripada famili Zingiberaceae. Lebih dikenali sebagai lengkuas liar, Alpinia conchigera Griff. sering digunakan sebagai perasa makanan dan rawatan tradisional penyakit kulit. Pemencilan ke atas rizom Alpinia conchigera telah menghasilkan tujuh sebatian; 1′S-1′-asetoksikhavikol asetat (1), trans-p-koumaril diasetat (2), p-hidroksisinamil asetat (3), 1′S-1′-hidrosikhavikol asetat (4), p-hidroksibenzaldehid (5), stigmasterol (6) dan β-sitosterol (7). Sebatian 1, 2 dan 5 telah dinilai untuk aktiviti antimikrobial terhadap Staphylococcus aureus iaitu MRSA. Antara sebatian yang dinilai, sebatian 1 menunjukkan aktiviti antimikrobial yang kuat terhadap MRSA dengan nilai MIC 0.5 mg/mL. Sementara itu, Sebatian 2 dan 5, masing-masing menunjukkan aktiviti antimikrobial sederhana dengan nilai MIC di antara 1.0 dan 2.0 mg/mL. Dapatan ini menunjukkan potensi antimikrob sebatian 1′S-1′-asetoksikhavikol asetat (1) yang berasal dari rizom Alpinia conchigera Griff. terhadap MRSA yang harus dikaji selidik dengan lebih lanjut.

Keywords: Alpinia conchigera Griff.; Antimicrobial; Antimikrob; MRSA; Methicilin Resistant Staphlococcus aureus; Zingiberaceae.