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Medecine/Sciences AugSep-2020

[When cataracts lead to a corneal transplant]

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Jean-Louis Bourges

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Abstract

The eye has two converging lenses arranged in series: the cornea and the lens. They combine their powers. The image, which is naturally defocused ad infinitum, by crossing them successively, focuses on the retina to be seen clearly. Edema can cause the cornea to lose transparency while the clouding of lens leads to cataract. The loss of transparency of one or both lenses significantly affects the vision. Treating cataracts is a common practice. However, this can lead to the permanent loss of transparency of the cornea. A graft of the latter must then be carried out. How does this sometimes come about?

Title: Quand la cataracte conduit à une greffe de la cornée.

Abstract: L’œil possède deux lentilles convergentes disposées en série : la cornée et le cristallin. Elles associent leurs puissances. L’image qui est naturellement défocalisée à l’infini, en les traversant successivement, se focalise sur la rétine pour être vue nette (Figure 1). Un œdème peut faire perdre sa transparence à la cornée tandis que le cristallin qui s’opacifie constitue la cataracte. La perte de transparence de l’une ou des deux lentilles affecte la vue significativement. Traiter la cataracte est une pratique banale. Cependant, ceci peut conduire à la perte définitive de transparence de la cornée. Il faut alors réaliser une greffe de cette dernière. Comment en vient-on parfois à cela ?

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