5 methylcytosine/hypoxia

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Tet1 facilitates hypoxia tolerance by stabilizing the HIF-α proteins independent of its methylcytosine dioxygenase activity.

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Because of the requirement of oxygen (O2) to produce energy, aerobic organisms developed mechanisms to protect themselves against a shortage of oxygen in both acute status and chronic status. To date, how organisms tolerate acute hypoxia and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we

Thyroid Hormone Protects Primary Cortical Neurons Exposed to Hypoxia by Reducing DNA Methylation and Apoptosis.

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with disruption of cerebral blood flow leading to localized brain hypoxia. Thyroid hormone (TH) treatment, administered shortly after injury, has been shown to promote neural protection in rodent TBI models. The mechanism of TH protection, however, is not

The role of DNA methylation during anoxia tolerance in a freshwater turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans).

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Oxygen deprivation is a lethal stress that only a few animals can tolerate for extended periods. This study focuses on analyzing the role of DNA methylation in aiding natural anoxia tolerance in a champion vertebrate anaerobe, the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans). We examined the

The involvement of DNA and histone methylation in the repression of IL-1β-induced MCP-1 production by hypoxia.

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Hypoxia is a microenvironmental pathophysiologic factor commonly associated with tumors and tissue inflammation. We previously reported that hypoxia repressed IL-1β-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms involved in

Coordination of AUF1 and miR-148a destabilizes DNA methyltransferase 1 mRNA under hypoxia in endometriosis.

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OBJECTIVE DNA methylation is regulated by hypoxia in endometriosis. UNASSIGNED Hypoxia causes global hypomethylation through AU-rich element binding factor 1 (AUF1)/microRNA-148a (miR-148a)-mediated destabilization of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) mRNA. BACKGROUND Eutopic endometrial and ectopic

Hypoxia-induced TET1 facilitates trophoblast cell migration and invasion through HIF1α signaling pathway.

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Low oxygen is a typical extrinsic factor for the regulation of trophoblast biological function, including cell migration, invasion and proliferation. Ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 (TET1), an enzyme converting 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), is

Hypoxia Drives Breast Tumor Malignancy through a TET-TNFα-p38-MAPK Signaling Axis.

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Hypoxia is a hallmark of solid tumors that drives malignant progression by altering epigenetic controls. In breast tumors, aberrant DNA methylation is a prevalent epigenetic feature associated with increased risk of metastasis and poor prognosis. However, the mechanism by which hypoxia alters DNA

Hypoxia, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, and TET-Mediated Epigenetic Changes.

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Tumor hypoxia is a pathophysiologic outcome of disrupted microcirculation with inadequate supply of oxygen, leading to enhanced proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis, and chemo-resistance. Epigenetic changes induced by hypoxia are well documented, and they lead to tumor

TET1 regulates hypoxia-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by acting as a co-activator.

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BACKGROUND Hypoxia induces the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, EMT, to promote cancer metastasis. In addition to transcriptional regulation mediated by hypoxia-inducible factors, HIFs, other epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation, such as histone modifications and DNA methylation, are utilized

Hypoxia induces the expression of TET enzymes in HepG2 cells.

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Hypoxia promotes tumor malignancy in solid tumors. One key mechanism by which this occurs is via epigenetic alteration. The present study demonstrates that hypoxia upregulates the expression of the ten-eleven-translocation 5-methylcytosine dioxygenase (TET) enzymes, which catalyze the conversion of

HIF-1 directly induces TET3 expression to enhance 5-hmC density and induce erythroid gene expression in hypoxia

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In mammalian cells, cytosines found within cytosine guanine dinucleotides can be methylated to 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) by DNA methyltransferases and further oxidized by the Ten-eleven translocation dioxygenase (TET) enzymes to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC). We have previously shown that

Tumour hypoxia causes DNA hypermethylation by reducing TET activity.

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Hypermethylation of the promoters of tumour suppressor genes represses transcription of these genes, conferring growth advantages to cancer cells. How these changes arise is poorly understood. Here we show that the activity of oxygen-dependent ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes is reduced by

Fumarate and Succinate Regulate Expression of Hypoxia-inducible Genes via TET Enzymes.

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The TET enzymes are members of the 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase family and comprise three isoenzymes in humans: TETs 1-3. These TETs convert 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) in DNA, and high 5-hmC levels are associated with active transcription. The importance of the

Long-term high altitude hypoxia during gestation suppresses large conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ channel function in uterine arteries: a causal role for microRNA-210.

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CONCLUSIONS Gestational hypoxia represses ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 (TET1) expression in uterine arteries, which is recovered by inhibiting endogenous miR-210. Inhibition of miR-210 rescues BKCa channel expression and current in uterine arteries of pregnant animals

MicroRNA-210 Targets Ten-Eleven Translocation Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 1 and Suppresses Pregnancy-Mediated Adaptation of Large Conductance Ca2+-Activated K+ Channel Expression and Function in Ovine Uterine Arteries.

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Gestational hypoxia inhibits large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channel expression and function in uterine arterial adaptation to pregnancy. Given the findings that microRNA-210 (miR-210) is increased in hypoxia during gestation and preeclampsia, the present study sought to investigate the

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