5 methylcytosine/neoplasms

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Quantification of 5-methylcytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine from the blood of cancer patients by an enzyme-based immunoassay.

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BACKGROUND Genome-wide aberrations of the classic epigenetic modification 5-methylcytosine (5mC), considered the hallmark of gene silencing, has been implicated to play a pivotal role in mediating carcinogenic transformation of healthy cells. Recently, three epigenetic marks derived from enzymatic

Impaired hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine in myeloid cancers with mutant TET2.

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TET2 is a close relative of TET1, an enzyme that converts 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in DNA. The gene encoding TET2 resides at chromosome 4q24, in a region showing recurrent microdeletions and copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (CN-LOH) in patients with diverse myeloid

DNA methylation reprogramming of human cancer cells by expression of a plant 5-methylcytosine DNA glycosylase.

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Patterns of DNA methylation, an important epigenetic modification involved in gene silencing and development, are disrupted in cancer cells. Understanding the functional significance of aberrant methylation in tumors remains challenging, due in part to the lack of suitable tools to actively modify

Idarubicin Stimulates Cell Cycle- and TET2-Dependent Oxidation of DNA 5-Methylcytosine in Cancer Cells.

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The topoisomerase II inhibitor idarubicin (Ida) is an effective anticancer anthracycline drug and has been used for clinical therapies of multiple cancers. It is well-known that Ida and its analogues can induce DNA double strand breakage (DSB) by inhibiting topoisomer II and kill tumor cells. To

Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 promotes hypoxic gene induction and cell migration in colon cancer.

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Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1), a widely reported DNA demethylation protein, has been associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, whether TET1 is an oncogene or tumor suppressor gene has been controversial; the mechanism of how TET1 affects cancer progression remains unclear. The

S-allylcysteine suppresses ovarian cancer cell proliferation by DNA methylation through DNMT1.

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BACKGROUND The anti-tumor effects of S-allylcysteine (SAC), a water-soluble garlic derivative, on human ovarian cancer cells have been previous studied in vitro and in vivo models but the precise epigenetic molecular mechanisms are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the epigenetic

Demethylation by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine of specific 5-methylcytosine sites in the promoter region of the retinoic acid receptor beta gene in human colon carcinoma cells.

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The role of retinoic acid receptor beta(RARbeta), a putative tumor suppressor gene, in the development of colon malignancy still remains to be clarified. We reported previously that the expression of RARbeta in DLD-1 human colon adenocarcinoma cells was silenced by DNA methylation at the level of

Aberrant DNA methylation as a cancer-inducing mechanism.

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Aberrant DNA methylation is the most common molecular lesion of the cancer cell. Neither gene mutations (nucleotide changes, deletions, recombinations) nor cytogenetic abnormalities are as common in human tumors as DNA methylation alterations. The most studied change of DNA methylation in neoplasms

Methylation and silencing of the retinoic acid receptor-beta2 gene in breast cancer.

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BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence supports the hypotheses that the retinoic acid receptor beta2 (RAR-beta2) gene is a tumor suppressor gene and that the chemopreventive effects of retinoids are due to induction of RAR-beta2. RAR-beta2 expression is reduced in many malignant tumors, and we

Ubiquitous and tenacious methylation of the CpG site in codon 248 of the p53 gene may explain its frequent appearance as a mutational hot spot in human cancer.

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Cytosine methylation at CpG dinucleotides is thought to cause more than one-third of all transition mutations responsible for human genetic diseases and cancer. We investigated the methylation status of the CpG dinucleotide at codon 248 in exon 7 of the p53 gene because this codon is a hot spot for

Effect of cytostatic proline rich polypeptide-1 on tumor suppressors of inflammation pathway signaling in chondrosarcoma.

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Cytokines produced in the tumour microenvironment exert an important role in cancer pathogenesis and in the inhibition of disease progression. Cancer of the cartilage is termed metastatic chondrosarcoma; however, the signaling events resulting in mesenchymal cell transformation to sarcoma have yet

Endogenous 5-methylcytosine protects neighboring guanines from N7 and O6-methylation and O6-pyridyloxobutylation by the tobacco carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone.

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All CG dinucleotides along exons 5-8 of the p53 tumor suppressor gene contain endogenous 5-methylcytosine (MeC). These same sites (e.g., codons 157, 158, 245, 248, and 273) are mutational hot spots in smoking-induced lung cancer. Several groups used the UvrABC endonuclease incision assay to

Demethylation status of somatic DNA extracted from pituitary neuroendocrine tumors indicates proliferative behavior.

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Cytosine intermediers 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) as epigenetic hallmarks have never been investigated in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET).To examine methylation-demethylation status of global DNA in PitNET tissues and

3-D DNA methylation phenotypes correlate with cytotoxicity levels in prostate and liver cancer cell models.

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BACKGROUND The spatial organization of the genome is being evaluated as a novel indicator of toxicity in conjunction with drug-induced global DNA hypomethylation and concurrent chromatin reorganization. 3D quantitative DNA methylation imaging (3D-qDMI) was applied as a cell-by-cell high-throughput

A phase 2 trial of combination therapy with thalidomide, arsenic trioxide, dexamethasone, and ascorbic acid (TADA) in patients with overlap myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) or primary myelofibrosis (PMF).

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BACKGROUND Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and overlap myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) are clonal hematopoietic disorders that share similar clinical features and molecular abnormalities, such as the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) valine to phenylalanine mutation at codon 617 (V617F) and

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