Ischemic Preconditioning (IPC) refers to the phenomenon where a brief ischemia-reperfusion event to a tissue/organ can result in subsequent protection from a more severe ischemia-reperfusion event to that tissue/organ. There are many descriptions of IPC in animal models. Protection occurs in two
Due to the clinical relevance of contrast acute kidney injury a large number of prophylactic procedures have been investigated. N-acetylcysteine and hydration with sodium bicarbonate are proved to be protective against contrast acute kidney injury. The adenosine-mediated afferent arteriolar
Background: Contrast nephropathy (CN) remains a common complication of radiographic procedures and an important cause of hospital-acquired acute renal failure, which contributes to morbidity and mortality during hospitalization, as well as costs of health care. Many previous strategies to prevent CN
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