amylopectin/arabidopsis thaliana

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Arabidopsis thaliana branching enzyme 1 is essential for amylopectin biosynthesis and cesium tolerance

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Arabidopsis thaliana BRANCHING ENZYME 1 (AtBE1) is a chloroplast-localized embryo-lethal gene previously identified in knockout mutants. AtBE1 is thought to function in carbohydrate metabolism; however, this has not been experimentally demonstrated. Chlorosis is a typical symptom of cesium (Cs)

Soluble starch synthase I: a major determinant for the synthesis of amylopectin in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves.

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A minimum of four soluble starch synthase families have been documented in all starch-storing green plants. These activities are involved in amylopectin synthesis and are extremely well conserved throughout the plant kingdom. Mutants or transgenic plants defective for SSII and SSIII isoforms have

Mutants of Arabidopsis lacking a chloroplastic isoamylase accumulate phytoglycogen and an abnormal form of amylopectin.

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Mutant lines defective for each of the four starch debranching enzyme (DBE) genes (AtISA1, AtISA2, AtISA3, and AtPU1) detected in the nuclear genome of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) were produced and analyzed. Our results indicate that both AtISA1 and AtISA2 are required for the production of a

The analysis of the different functions of starch-phosphorylating enzymes during the development of Arabidopsis thaliana plants discloses an unexpected role for the cytosolic isoform GWD2.

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The genome of Arabidopsis thaliana encodes three glucan, water dikinases. Glucan, water dikinase 1 (GWD1; EC 2.7.9.4) and phosphoglucan, water dikinase (PWD; EC 2.7.9.5) are chloroplastic enzymes, while glucan, water dikinase 2 (GWD2) is cytosolic. Both GWDs and PWD catalyze the addition of

Functional and structural characterization of the catalytic domain of the starch synthase III from Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Glycogen and starch are the major energy storage compounds in most living organisms. The metabolic pathways leading to their synthesis involve the action of several enzymes, among which glycogen synthase (GS) or starch synthase (SS) catalyze the elongation of the alpha-1,4-glucan backbone. At least

Purification of a beta-Amylase that Accumulates in Arabidopsis thaliana Mutants Defective in Starch Metabolism.

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Amylase activity is elevated 5- to 10-fold in leaves of several different Arabidopsis thaliana mutants defective in starch metabolism when they are grown under a 12-hour photoperiod. Activity is also increased when plants are grown under higher light intensity. It was previously determined that the

[New look at starch degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana L. chloroplasts].

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Transitory starch is accumulated during the day and is the main source of energy for the cell metabolism during the night. The observed periodical starch degradation has become a model often used by scientist in their experiments. Starch granule degradation could be divided into 2 periods:

Biochemical characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana starch branching enzyme 2.2 reveals an enzymatic positive cooperativity.

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Starch Branching Enzymes (SBE) catalyze the formation of α(1 → 6) branching points on starch polymers: amylopectin and amylose. SBEs are classified in two groups named type 1 and 2. Both types are present in the entire plant kingdom except in some species such as Arabidopsis thaliana that expresses

An extra-plastidial alpha-glucan, water dikinase from Arabidopsis phosphorylates amylopectin in vitro and is not necessary for transient starch degradation.

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Starch phosphorylation catalysed by the alpha-glucan, water dikinases (GWD) has profound effects on starch degradation in plants. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes three isoforms of GWD, two of which are localized in the chloroplast and are involved in the degradation of transient starch. The

A starch-accumulating mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana deficient in a chloroplastic starch-hydrolysing enzyme.

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The aim of this work was to identify enzymes that participate in the degradation of transitory starch in Arabidopsis. A mutant line was isolated by screening leaves at the end of the night for the presence of starch. The mutant had a higher starch content than the wild-type throughout the diurnal

Arabidopsis thaliana AMY3 is a unique redox-regulated chloroplastic α-amylase.

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α-Amylases are glucan hydrolases that cleave α-1,4-glucosidic bonds in starch. In vascular plants, α-amylases can be classified into three subfamilies. Arabidopsis has one member of each subfamily. Among them, only AtAMY3 is localized in the chloroplast. We expressed and purified AtAMY3 from

Structural and functional basis for starch binding in the SnRK1 subunits AKINβ2 and AKINβγ.

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Specialized carbohydrate-binding domains, the Starch-Binding Domain (SBD) and the Glycogen Binding Domain (GBD), are motifs of approximately 100 amino acids directly or indirectly associated with starch or glycogen metabolism. Members of the regulatory β subunit of the heterotrimeric complex

Intermediary glucan structures formed during starch granule biosynthesis are enriched in short side chains, a dynamic pulse labeling approach.

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The formation of intermediary glucans, mature starch, and phytoglycogen was studied using leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana wild type and dbe mutant, which lacks plastidic isoamylase (Zeeman, S. C., Umemoto, T., Lue, W. L., Au-Yeung, P., Martin, C., Smith, A. M., and Chen, J. (1998) Plant Cell 10,

Identification and characterization of ChlreSEX4, a novel glucan phosphatase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii green alga.

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Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is the best known unicellular green alga model which has long been used to investigate all kinds of cellular processes, including starch metabolism. Here we identified and characterized a novel enzyme, ChlreSEX4, orthologous to glucan phosphatase SEX4 from Arabidopsis

A sensitive method for confocal fluorescence microscopic visualization of starch granules in iodine stained samples.

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Synthesized by glycogen synthase and starch synthases (SS) using ADP-glucose as the sugar donor molecule, glycogen and starch accumulate as predominant storage carbohydrates in most bacteria and plants, respectively. We have recently shown that the so-called "starch-less" Arabidopsis thaliana adg1-1

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