Only one arm was used and this arm received Near-Infrared Phototherapy.

TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury)

The In Light Wellness Systems Near-Infrared Phototherapy Device (manufactured by In Light Wellness Systems, Inc.) contains alternating rows of 402 red (640 nm) and infrared (880 nm) light-emitting diodes embedded in 2 neoprene pads. One pad circles the skull, providing 720 Joules/min, and the other pad covers the top of the head, providing 360 joules/min. For each treatment session, the "A" setting on the 3-port controller is utilized, which runs approximately 6.7 min of 73 Hz, 587 Hz, and 1175 Hz in an automated sequential manner. No other interventions were utilized.

Near-Infrared Phototherapy

Traumatic Brain Injury in Veterans and Near-Infrared Phototherapy

Treatment of Mild and Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury in Veterans Using Near-Infrared Phototherapy

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). To obtain this outcome measure, at pre- and post-treatment, a resting SPECT brain scan is performed as follows. Patient is placed in a comfortable reclining chair in a quiet room and an IV is started. Patient is allowed to acclimate in a quiet, semi-darkened room with eyes open and sound-dampening headphones on for 15 min, in accordance with the 2014 American College of Radiology Practice Guidelines. After 15 min., a dose of approximately 30 millicuries of Technetium-99m radiotracer is injected. SPECT scan is performed 60 min following injection by using a Siemens Symbia E SPECT gamma camera with low-energy high-resolution parallel hole collimators.

Self-report TBI symptoms inventory composed of Likert-type items constructed to measure both frequency and intensity of 15 TBI symptoms.

Neuropsychological testing focused on the cognitive abilities frequently affected by TBI. Includes subscales of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV.

Neuropsychological testing focused on the cognitive abilities frequently affected by TBI. Includes subscales of the California Verbal Learning Test II.

Neuropsychological testing focused on the cognitive abilities frequently affected by TBI. Includes the Trail Making Test B.

De-identified participant relevant demographic data will be reported. De-identified individual data analyses will be reported.

Cerehealth Corp.

Tug McGraw Foundation

Colorado Neurological Institute

10-week randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind, crossover trial, which includes a period of wash out of two weeks between treatment with dalfampridine and placebo. Within the trial, each patient serves as his own control.

Multiple Sclerosis

Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia

Fatigue

10-week randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind, crossover trial, which includes a period of wash out of two weeks between treatment with dalfampridine and placebo.

Dalfampridine

Placebo

Louis Stokes VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH

Study and Treatment of Visual Dysfunction and Motor Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis

Changes in binocular horizontal conjugacy of saccades at baseline and following the saccadic fatigue test, before and after treatment, using: 1) abducting/adducting eye ratio for saccadic peak velocity (pulse size ratio); 2) time difference in occurrence of peak acceleration in the adducting vs. the abducting eye (pulse time delay).

1) MNREAD acuity charts for reading acuity and speed; 2) King-Devick test for saccades performance.

asthenopia/potassium

Traumatic Brain Injury in Veterans and Near-Infrared Phototherapy

Study and Treatment of Visual Dysfunction and Motor Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis

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