Dominant optic atrophy (DOA) arises from mutations in the OPA1 gene that promotes fusion of the inner mitochondrial membrane and plays a role in maintaining ATP levels. Patients display optic disc pallor, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss and bilaterally reduced vision. We report a randomized,
Organic compounds as electrode materials can contribute to sustainability because they are non-toxic and environmentally abundant. The working mechanism during charge/discharge of reported organic compounds as electrode materials has not yet been completely understood. Herein, during
It was established that early degeneration of motor fibers of the sciatic nerve of rats (24 and 48 hours after division) is marked by diminished activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase and activation of lipid peroxidation leading to increased accumulation
Idebenone is a hydrophilic short-chain coenzyme (Co) Q analogue, which has been used as a potential bypass of defective complex I in both Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy and OPA1-dependent Dominant Optic Atrophy. Based on its potential antioxidant effects, it has also been tested in degenerative
The reactions of photo-excited chlorophylls and pheophytins with quinones have been investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. In slightly alkaline solutions the quinone signals showed line broadening which is explained by degenerate electron transfer between semiquinone radical ions and
There is a great deal of interest in neurotrophin therapy to prevent neuronal degeneration. However, the blood-brain barrier presents a major hurdle in the use of peptide therapeutics. The goal of this study was to identify small molecule, cell-permeable nerve growth factor (NGF) activators.
In this paper we explore a multi-step synthetic strategy toward fabrication of monolayer-modified Si(100) electrodes that can be electrochemically switched. The synthetic scheme is modular and benefits from an established intramolecular lactonization scheme of benzoquinone analogs. A redox-tagged
The reaction of phenoxyl radicals with acids is investigated. 2,4,6-Tri-tert-butylphenoxyl radical (13), a persistent radical, deteriorates in MeOH/PhH in the presence of an acid yielding 4-methoxycyclohexa-2,5-dienone 18a and the parent phenol (14). The reaction is facilitated by a strong acid.
In this randomized double-blind, placebo controlled, multicentre study on 108 elderly patients with mild to moderate mental deterioration of vascular origin, idebenone - a benzoquinone derivative with a hydroxyalkyl side chain - proved to be therapeutically effective in the treatment of
Zymbal glands were excised bilaterally from the ear ducts of female Sprague-Dawley rats (three/group), minced into approximately four fragments per gland, and transferred into a microtiter plate containing 1.5 mL per well of Waymouth's tissue culture medium supplemented with fetal calf serum,
Nerve growth factor (NGF) prevents degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the central nervous system (CNS), and has potential as a therapeutic treatment for Alzheimer's disease. The inability of NGF to cross the blood-brain barrier has prompted pharmacological approaches investigating peripherally
We tested the hypothesis if thymoquinone (2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone) could ameliorate renal oxidative damage and proliferative response induced by mercuric chloride (HgCl2) in rats. HgCl2 (3 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously to each one of two groups of rats: (i) HgCl2-thymoquinone
Alkaptonuria (AKU) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that results from the deficient activity of homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase and leads to increased levels of homogentisic acid (HGA) and its oxidized product benzoquinone acetic acid (BQA). Both HGA and BQA form polymerized deposits that lead
Reversible protein phosphorylation regulates the biological activities of many human proteins involved in crucial cellular processes, e.g., protein-protein interactions, cell signaling, gene transcription, cell growth, and death. A malfunction of cellular homeostasis in retinal pigment epithelial
In an attempt to further characterize the structural features of 6-hydroxydopamine analogues that are associated with in vivo neuronal degeneration, the synthesis of 6-mercaptodopamine was undertaken. Although reaction conditions leading to the 1,4 addition of thiols to the model quinone
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