Patients in the B group were given berberine hydrochloride tables 0.3g tid orally or tube feed daily, until the 14th day of the study. Other treatments include general support therapy, oxygen therapy, antiviral drugs, in combination with antibiotics and small doses of glucocorticoids if necessary, nutritional and organ function support.

Patients in the C group were given montmorilonite orally if they presence of diarrhea. The other treatments were the same as in B group.

Berberine

COVID-19

Patients in the intervention group received berberine daily, regardless of gastrointestinal symptoms.If the patient has a serious drug-related adverse event, the drug will be discontinued and the patient will be excluded from the study.

Patients in the control group were routinely not given special treatment.However, if the patient has diarrhea symptoms, montmorillonite powder should be given orally.

Montmorrillonite

Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital

The Effect of Berberine on Intestinal Function and Inflammatory Mediators in Severe Patients With Covid-19

Including diarrhea in times/day, Bristol Stool Scale (the minimum 1 and maximum 7, a higher scores mean a worse outcome) and whether patient has any one of gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, abdominal distension or diarrhoea).

evaluate inflammatory response, blood sample collected at 6:00am

evaluate the severity of the disease(the minimum 0 and maximum 24, a higher scores mean a worse outcome)

We have other articles about covid-19 yet to be published

Chinese Medical Association

Patients will receive berberine pills in additional to current atypical antipsychotic agents

Patients will receive placebos pills in additional to current atypical antipsychotic agents

Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Metabolic Syndrome x

Berberine tablets, 0.3g every time, two times daily

Placebo tablets, 0.3g every time, two times daily

Placebos

Antipsychotic agents prescribed at the discretion of the patients' psychiatrists with respect to patients' conditions. Concomitant use of other psychotropic drugs will be generally allowed, including benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepines insomnia and anti-anticholinergics for extrapyramidal symptoms, but anti-hyperlipidemic, antihypertensive and antidiabetic drugs will be not allowed. For those who have been under anti-hyperlipidemic, antihypertensive and antidiabetic treatment, they will be required to discontinue these treatments when they enter the trial.

Antipsychotic Agents

Castle Peak Hospital - The Department of General Adult Psychiatry

Berberine as Adjuvant Treatment for Schizophrenia Patients

A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial of Berberine as an Adjuvant to Treat Antipsychotic-induced Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Assessments will be conducted at baseline and once every six weeks thereafter.

Triglycerides (TG) level will be determined from blood samples collected at baseline and 12 weeks. The collection of blood will be conducted between 08:00 and 09:00 after an overnight fast.

Total cholesterol level will be determined from blood samples collected at baseline and 12 weeks. The collection of blood will be conducted between 08:00 and 09:00 after an overnight fast.

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) level will be determined from blood samples collected at baseline and 12 weeks. The collection of blood will be conducted between 08:00 and 09:00 after an overnight fast.

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level will be determined from blood samples collected at baseline and 12 weeks. The collection of blood will be conducted between 08:00 and 09:00 after an overnight fast.

Fasting glucose level will be determined from blood samples collected at baseline and 12 weeks. The collection of blood will be conducted between 08:00 and 09:00 after an overnight fast.

Insulin level will be determined from blood samples collected at baseline and 12 weeks. The collection of blood will be conducted between 08:00 and 09:00 after an overnight fast.

Insulin resistant index (IRI) is calculated with the formula, IRI = fasting insulin (103 μIU/L) x fasting glucose (mg/dL)/404.45 (fasting insulin (103 μIU/L) x fasting glucose [mmol/L]/22.5) (Haffner, 1997), based on the fasting glucose and insulin levels measured at the corresponding time frames.

The severity of psychotic symptoms will be also assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Assessments will be conducted at baseline and once every six weeks thereafter.

The Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS) will be used to evaluate antipsychotic-induced movement symptoms. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and once every six weeks thereafter.

Adverse events will be recorded using the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS). Assessments will be conducted at baseline and once every six weeks thereafter.

berberine/nausea

The Effect of Berberine on Intestinal Function and Inflammatory Mediators in Severe Patients With Covid-19

Berberine as Adjuvant Treatment for Schizophrenia Patients

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