cellobiose/inflammation

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Comparison of different measurements of intestinal permeability in inflammatory bowel disease.

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We have compared different measurements of small intestinal permeability in 28 patients with Crohn's disease affecting the small intestine, 14 with ulcerative colitis and 17 controls. Patients and controls were given a drink containing 100 microCi (3.7 MBq) of 51Cr-ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid

Cellobiose Prevents the Development of Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Experimental Colitis.

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Cellobiose is produced from cellulose using specific bacterial enzymes, and is hydrolyzed into glucose by the enzymes cellobiosidase and cellulase. In this study, we examined the effects of cellobiose on colonic mucosal damage in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model. BALB/c mice were divided

Exposure to Aeromonas hydrophila induces inflammation and increases expression of the gene encoding for a putative dual CTLD-containing lectin in milkfish liver.

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Milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) is an important aquaculture product and is the sole extant species of the family Chanidae (order Gonorynchiformes). While there are already several reports regarding milkfish aquaculture, studies on milkfish immunity and gene expression are very limited. In this

Converting Galactose into the Rare Sugar Talose with Cellobiose 2-Epimerase as Biocatalyst.

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Cellobiose 2-epimerase from Rhodothermus marinus (RmCE) reversibly converts a glucose residue to a mannose residue at the reducing end of β-1,4-linked oligosaccharides. In this study, the monosaccharide specificity of RmCE has been mapped and the synthesis of d-talose from d-galactose was

DNA ligands that bind tightly and selectively to cellobiose.

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Cell surface oligosaccharides have been shown to play essential biological roles in such diverse biological phenomena as cellular adhesion, molecular recognition, and inflammatory response. The development of high-affinity ligands capable of selectively recognizing a variety of small motifs in

Increased intestinal permeability in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

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Intestinal permeability can be measured by the sugar absorption test. This test is based on determining the ratio of the urinary excretion of a large and a small carbohydrate after oral administration. The aim of this study was to determine which combination of carbohydrates used in the test gives

The chbG gene of the chitobiose (chb) operon of Escherichia coli encodes a chitooligosaccharide deacetylase.

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The chb operon of Escherichia coli is involved in the utilization of the β-glucosides chitobiose and cellobiose. The function of chbG (ydjC), the sixth open reading frame of the operon that codes for an evolutionarily conserved protein is unknown. We show that chbG encodes a monodeacetylase that is

Systemic and mucosal antibodies to Klebsiella in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and Crohn's disease.

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Whole gut lavage fluid is a useful source of material for the study of intestinal immunity and inflammation in humans. Systemic and mucosal antibodies to Klebsiella pneumoniae were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum samples and whole gut lavage fluid from 14 patients with

Molecular Dynamics with Orientational Tensorial Constraints: A New Approach to Probe the Torsional Angle Distributions of Small Rotationally Flexible Molecules.

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The potential of residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) in conformational studies of small molecules is now widely recognized, but current theoretical approaches for their interpretation have several limitations and there is still the need for a general method to probe the torsional angle distributions

Synthesis of a series of multivalent homo-, and heteroglycosides and their anti-adhesion activities.

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Adhesion of leukocytes to endothelium plays an important role in inflammatory diseases. We previously found that the tetravalent lactoside Gu-4 was able to inhibit leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion significantly and that CD11b was the target of Gu-4 on the surface of leukocytes. In this report, we

Normal human plasma anti-beta-glucoside antibody has markedly elevated IgA content and binds fungal and yeast polysaccharides.

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Normal human plasma antibody that recognizes beta-linked glucoside moiety was purified by affinity chromatography on cellulose. The anti-beta-glucoside antibody had three times higher IgA to IgG ratio and substantially higher polymeric IgA content than total serum immunoglobulins. Cellobiose and

Soy protein with isoflavones, but not an isoflavone-rich supplement, improves arterial low-density lipoprotein metabolism and atherogenesis.

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OBJECTIVE We sought to determine if arterial LDL metabolism contributes to the decreased atherosclerosis seen with soy and if isolated isoflavones would have similar effects. RESULTS Ovariectomized monkeys were fed an atherogenic diet for 20 weeks with a protein source of (1) casein/lactalbumin

Overexpression of secretory phospholipase A(2) causes rapid catabolism and altered tissue uptake of high density lipoprotein cholesteryl ester and apolipoprotein A-I.

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Plasma levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and its major protein component apolipoprotein (apo) A-I are significantly reduced in both acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, but the basis for this phenomenon is not well understood. We hypothesized that secretory phospholipase

Biocatalysis of Platycoside E and Platycodin D3 Using Fungal Extracellular β-Glucosidase Responsible for Rapid Platycodin D Production.

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Platycodi radix (i.e., Platycodon grandiflorum root) products (e.g., tea, cosmetics, and herbal supplements) are popular in East Asian nutraceutical markets due to their reported health benefits and positive consumer perceptions. Platycosides are the key drivers of Platycodi radixes' biofunctional

Pathogenic Gut Flora in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure.

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OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to measure the presence of pathogenic gut flora and intestinal permeability (IP) and their correlations with disease severity, venous blood congestion, and inflammation in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that translocation

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