cholangitis/protease

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Is ritonavir-boosted atazanavir a risk for cholelithiasis compared to other protease inhibitors?

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OBJECTIVE To compare the incidence of complicated cholelithiasis in patients receiving ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV/r)- containing antiretroviral therapy with those on other protease inhibitors (PIs). METHODS We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of patients who started either

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) specific for one or several antigens: useful markers for subtypes of ulcerative colitis and associated primary sclerosing cholangitis.

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BACKGROUND Dysregulation of antimicrobial response may trigger inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This study analyzed specificity of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in IBD patients and its clinical significance. METHODS Data from 52 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients with 32 Crohn's

Possible roles of basophils in chronic itch.

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Basophils are blood granulocytes and normally constitute <1% of blood peripheral leucocytes. Basophils share some morphological and functional similarities with mast cells, and basophils were once regarded as redundant and negligible circulating mast cells. However, recent studies reveal the

Treatment strategy for acute pancreatitis.

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When a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis (AP) is made, fundamental medical treatment consisting of fasting, intravenous (IV) fluid replacement, and analgesics with a close monitoring of vital signs should be immediately started. In parallel with fundamental medical treatment, assessment of severity

Localization of Tubulin from the Carcinogenic Human Liver Fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini.

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BACKGROUND Opisthorchiasis caused by Opisthorchis viverrini, is of considerable public health importance in Southeast Asia, particularly in Lao People's Democratic Republic and Thailand. The infection is associated with a number ofhepatobiliary diseases including cholangitis, obstructive jaundice,

Combination antiretroviral studies for patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.

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Following the characterization of a human betaretrovirus in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), pilot studies using antiretroviral therapy have been conducted as proof of principal to establish a link of virus with disease and with the eventual aim to find better adjunct therapies for

Role of novel retroviruses in chronic liver disease: assessing the link of human betaretrovirus with primary biliary cirrhosis.

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A human betaretrovirus resembling mouse mammary tumor virus has been characterized in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. The agent triggers a disease-specific phenotype in vitro with aberrant cell-surface expression of mitochondrial antigens. The presentation of a usually sequestered

Acute pancreatitis. Medical management.

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The medical management of acute pancreatitis is primarily supportive and involves making the patient nulla per os, providing adequate intravenous hydration, and controlling pain with analgesics. Systems to identify patients with severe pancreatitis at risk for morbidity and mortality are available

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: a still-growing class of autoantibodies in inflammatory disorders.

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Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) have been described as sensitive and specific markers for active Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). ANCA in WG produce a characteristic cytoplasmic staining pattern of neutrophils (c-ANCA) and are directed against proteinase 3 (Pr3), a serine protease from

Impact of combination antiretroviral therapy in the NOD.c3c4 mouse model of autoimmune biliary disease.

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OBJECTIVE The NOD.c3c4 mouse model develops autoimmune biliary disease characterized by spontaneous granulomatous cholangitis, antimitochondrial antibodies and liver failure. This model for primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) has evidence of biliary infection with mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV),

Cryptosporidium parvum induces apoptosis in biliary epithelia by a Fas/Fas ligand-dependent mechanism.

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Although the clinical features of sclerosing cholangitis from opportunistic infections of the biliary tree in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are well known, the mechanisms by which associated pathogens, such as Cryptosporidium parvum, cause disease are obscure. Using an in

Oral IDN-6556, an antiapoptotic caspase inhibitor, may lower aminotransferase activity in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

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Increased rates of apoptosis (programmed cell death) have been demonstrated in many hepatic diseases including chronic hepatitis C. IDN-6556 is a potent inhibitor of caspases, the proteases that execute apoptosis. In a prior phase 1 study, IDN-6556 lowered aminotransferase activity in a small number

Management strategy for acute pancreatitis in the JPN Guidelines.

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The diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is based on the following findings: (1) acute attacks of abdominal pain and tenderness in the epigastric region, (2) elevated blood levels of pancreatic enzymes, and (3) abnormal diagnostic imaging findings in the pancreas associated with acute pancreatitis. In

Extended-criteria donors in liver transplantation Part II: reviewing the impact of extended-criteria donors on the complications and outcomes of liver transplantation.

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Extended-criteria donors (ECDs) have an impact on early allograft dysfunction (EAD), biliary complications, relapse of hepatitis C virus (HCV), and survivals. Early allograft dysfunction was frequently seen in grafts with moderate and severe steatosis. Donors after cardiac death (DCD) have been

RNA-Seq Analysis of IL-1B and IL-36 Responses in Epidermal Keratinocytes Identifies a Shared MyD88-Dependent Gene Signature.

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IL-36 cytokines have recently emerged as mediators of inflammation in autoimmune conditions including psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) and generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP). This study used RNA-seq to profile the transcriptome of primary epidermal keratinocytes (KCs) treated with IL-1B, IL-36A, IL-36B,

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