choline acetyltransferase/stroke

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Choline acetyltransferase activity in vascular dementia and stroke.

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OBJECTIVE Alterations in cholinergic activity have not been systematically studied in types of cerebrovascular disease. We examined cholinergic function at postmortem, focussing on stroke and vascular dementia (VaD). METHODS Post-mortem brain tissue was studied from 61 patients with stroke or VaD

Neuroprotective actions of FK506 in experimental stroke: in vivo evidence against an antiexcitotoxic mechanism.

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The cellular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective action of the immunosuppressant FK506 in experimental stroke remain uncertain, although in vitro studies have implicated an antiexcitotoxic action involving nitric oxide and calcineurin. The present in vivo study demonstrates that

Choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase abnormalities in senile dementia: importance of biochemical measurements in human post-mortem brain specimens.

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Choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase have been assessed in human aging brains, in demented and agonal states. Choline acetyl transferase decreased during aging in normal brain when measured in the cerebral cortex. Choline acetyltransferase was also reduced in several other brain areas

Oleuropein Improved Post Cerebral Stroke Cognitive Function by Promoting Histone Acetylation and Phosphorylation of cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein in MCAO Rats

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Background: Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is commonest clinical disorder in which peripheral cholinergic activity is important. Oleuropein (OLP) is polyphenol is present in olive oil. Here we evaluated the effect of OLP in

Co-morbid beta-amyloid toxicity and stroke produce impairments in an ambiguous context task in rats without any impairment in spatial working memory.

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Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) accounts for a high proportion of AD cases. Therefore, it is of importance to investigate other factors that contribute to the etiology and progression of AD. AD is characterized by decreased cholinergic tone, tau hyperphosphorylation and beta-amyloid (Aβ)

Choline acetyltransferase activity in omental tissue.

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Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the enzyme responsible for the formation of ACh from choline and acetyl-coenzyme A, is a marker of cholinergic function and is significantly depressed in the brains of Alzheimer patients. It has been shown that omental tissue contains several neuroactive substances

Muscarinic cholinoceptors and choline acetyltransferase activity in the hypothalamus of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

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To study the role of central cholinergic mechanisms in hypertension, we have determined muscarinic receptors using [3H] (-)quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in the brain regions of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP) and renal

Alzheimer-type pathology in a patient with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS).

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A 53-year-old Japanese woman with a point mutation in mitochondrial DNA (tRNALeu(UUR), nt3243) consistent with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) and Alzheimer-type brain pathology is reported. This woman had suffered myopathy and psychosis

Augmentation of peripheral lymphocyte-derived cholinergic activity in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

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Brain ischemia activates the parasympathetic cholinergic pathway in animal models of human disease. However, it remains unknown whether activation of the cholinergic pathway impacts immune defenses and disease outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke. This study investigated a

Icariin promotes histone acetylation and attenuates post-stroke cognitive impairment in the central cholinergic circuits of mice.

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Post-stroke dementia (PSD) is a common clinical disease and the central cholinergic circuits are important to cognitive function. Icariin (ICA), a flavonoid isolated from Herba Epimedii, was reported to improve cognitive function through modulating the cholinergic system. But there were no studies

Electroacupuncture brain protection during ischemic stroke: A role for the parasympathetic nervous system.

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The demand for using parasympathetic activation for stroke therapy is unmet. In the current study, we investigated whether the neuroprotection provided by electroacupuncture (EA) in an experimental stroke model was associated with activation of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). The results

Neuroprotective effects of human neural stem cells over-expressing choline acetyltransferase in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model.

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Stroke is one of the most-devastating brain diseases causing acute death or permanent disability. Although tissue-type plasminogen activator was approved by Food and Drug Administration for early reperfusion of the occluded vessels, oxidative injury may cause extensive brain infarction. Accordingly,

Dementias.

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Senile dementia of the Alzheimer type is becoming one of the most common of the malignant diseases as our society ages. Currently, research has identified several pathophysiological changes, including the bihelical filament and the loss of the enzyme choline acetyltransferase from the cortex.

Effect of natural products on diabetes associated neurological disorders.

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Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder, is associated with neurological complications such as depression, anxiety, hypolocomotion, cognitive dysfunction, phobias, anorexia, stroke, pain, etc. Traditional system of medicine is long known for its efficient management of diabetes. The current review

Activation of the reticulothalamic cholinergic pathway by the major metabolites of aniracetam.

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The aim of the study was to further investigate the effects of aniracetam, a cognition enhancer, and its metabolites on the brain cholinergic system. We measured choline acetyltransferase activity and acetylcholine release using in vivo brain microdialysis in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive

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