codeine/neoplasms

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Randomized evaluation of controlled-release codeine and placebo in chronic cancer pain.

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Codeine is widely used in combination with acetaminophen and aspirin for the management of mild to moderate pain. However, there are few controlled clinical trials of single-entity codeine in chronic cancer pain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of

Decreased incidence of spontaneous mammary gland neoplasms in female F344 rats treated with amphetamine, methylphenidate, or codeine.

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Three drugs that affect the neuroendocrine system (amphetamine, methylphenidate, and codeine) caused decreases in body weights and in the incidence of spontaneously occurring mammary gland neoplasms in the female F344/N rat in 2-year carcinogenicity studies. Using a mathematical model that relates

Analysis of apoptosis signaling pathway in human cancer cells by codeinone, a synthetic derivative of codeine.

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We have recently found that codeinone, an oxidation metabolite of codeine, induced apoptosis, characterized by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial cytochrome c release in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemic cell lines, most effectively among 10 opioids. These findings prompted us to

Codeine, alone and with paracetamol (acetaminophen), for cancer pain.

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BACKGROUND Pain is very common in patients with cancer. Opioid analgesics, including codeine, play a significant role in major guidelines on the management of cancer pain, particularly for mild to moderate pain. Codeine is widely available and inexpensive, which may make it a good choice, especially

Regional block and mexiletine: the effect on pain after cancer breast surgery.

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OBJECTIVE Breast surgery for cancer is associated with chronic pain and sensory abnormalities. The present study investigates the effect of regional block, oral mexiletine, and the combination of both, on acute and chronic pain associated with cancer breast surgery. METHODS One hundred patients

Characteristics of dependent and nondependent regular users of codeine.

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Although codeine is a widely used medication, the problems of codeine abuse and dependence have not been well-studied. This study characterized regular codeine users (using at least 3 days per week for 6 months, excluding those using codeine for the treatment of cancer pain) through a self-completed

[Pain therapy in gynecologic neoplasms].

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A great number of patients with gynaecological malignant diseases suffer from severe pain, caused, for example, by bone metastases of breast cancer or tumour infiltration of the pelvis and the lumbar plexus in uterine cancer. Several methods of treatment are available depending upon the origin of

Indian Society for Study of Pain, Cancer Pain Special Interest Group Guidelines on Pharmacological Management of Cancer Pain (Part II)

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The Indian Society for Study of Pain (ISSP), Cancer Pain Special Interest Group (SIG) guidelines on pharmacological management of cancer pain in adults provide a structured, stepwise approach, which will help to improve the management of cancer pain and to provide the patients with a minimally

Residents' management of the symptoms associated with terminal cancer.

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The principal aim of palliative care is to bring symptomatic relief to patients with progressive disease. Residents graduating from a university general surgery training program should be competent to manage common symptoms associated with advanced cancer. This study used performance-based testing

Functional interactions between tumor and peripheral nerve in a model of cancer pain in the mouse.

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Cancer is usually accompanied by pain, which tends to increase in relation to metastatic infiltration and destruction. In the United States, 30% to 40% of newly diagnosed cancer patients and 67% to 90% of patients with advanced cancer report moderate to severe pain. Relief for approximately 90% of

Pain intensity and side effects during titration of morphine to cancer patients using a fixed schedule dose escalation.

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BACKGROUND Considerable dose variations and frequent initial side effects have been postulated during start of morphine treatment to patients with pain caused by malignant disease. However, to our knowledge, only one previous study has reported effective doses in morphine naive cancer patients and

[Pharmacotherapy of cancer pain : 2. Use of opioids.].

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The adequate use of opioids in the treatment of chronic cancer pain requires sound knowledge of selection criteria for the various opioids, the routes of administration, dosages, dosing schemes and possible side effects. Drug selection depends on the intensity of pain rather than on the specific

Opioids for chronic non-cancer pain in children and adolescents.

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Pain is a common feature of childhood and adolescence around the world, and for many young people, that pain is chronic. The World Health Organization guidelines for pharmacological treatments for children's persisting pain acknowledge that pain in children is a major public health concern of high

Palliative care in a national cancer center: results in 1987 vs. 1993 vs. 2000.

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In the last few years, palliative care for advanced and terminal cancer patients has undergone considerable evolution. We determined the characteristics of patients admitted to the 4-bed Palliative Care Unit (PCU) of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of Milan in 1987, 1993 and 2000 to evaluate how

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Codeine (CAS No. 76-57-3) in F344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies).

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Codeine is used in a variety of pharmaceuticals including analgesics, sedatives, hypnotics, antiperistaltics, and antitussive agents. The National Cancer Institute and the Food and Drug Administration nominated codeine for study because it is a widely used drug and it is representative of the

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