congenital hypothyroidism/glutathione

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[Reflections on mental retardation and congenital hypothyroidism: effects of trace mineral deficiencies].

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While deficiencies of trace minerals and vitamins are rare in humans eating a variety of food, they can occur in premature infants and those with disturbances in dietary behavior for physical or psychological reasons and during parenteral or enteral nutrition. Some deficiencies - such as iron and

Selenium deficiency as a possible factor in the pathogenesis of myxoedematous endemic cretinism.

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Myxoedematous endemic cretinism is prevalent in African goitre endemies. It has been related to a thyroid 'exhaustion' atrophy occurring near birth. It is proposed that this might result from the low resistance of a fragile tissue to enhanced H2O2 generation under intense thyroid stimulation by

Selenium decreases thyroglobulin concentrations but does not affect the increased thyroxine-to-triiodothyronine ratio in children with congenital hypothyroidism.

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Compared with euthyroid controls, patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) who are receiving L-T(4) treatment show elevated serum TSH relative to serum T(4) concentrations and increased T(4)/T(3) ratio. These abnormalities could be the consequence of impaired activity of the selenoenzymes

Iodine and selenium deficiency associated with cretinism in northern Zaire.

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Selenium status was determined in an endemic-goiter area and in a control area of Zaire. Compared with the reference values of a noniodine-deficient area, serum selenium in subjects living in the core of the northern Zaire endemic-goiter belt (Karawa villages) was seven times lower in 52

Experimentally-induced maternal hypothyroidism alters enzyme activities and the sensorimotor cortex of the offspring rats.

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In this study, we used an experimental model of congenital hypothyroidism to show that deficient thyroid hormones (TH) disrupt different neurochemical, morphological and functional aspects in the cerebral cortex of 15-day-old offspring. Our results showing decreased glutamine synthetase (GS)

Reverse T3 interacts with αvβ3 integrin receptor and restores enzyme activities in the hippocampus of hypothyroid developing rats: Insight on signaling mechanisms.

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In the present study we provide evidence that 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (reverse T3, rT3) restores neurochemical parameters induced by congenital hypothyroidism in rat hippocampus. Congenital hypothyroidism was induced by adding 0.05% propylthiouracil in the drinking water from gestation day 8 and

The trace element selenium and the thyroid gland.

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Apart from the essential trace element iodine, which is the central constituent of thyroid hormones, a second essential trace element, selenium, is required for appropriate thyroid hormone synthesis, activation and metabolism. The human thyroid gland has the highest selenium content per gram of

Selenium and thyroid function in infants, children and adolescents.

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Selenium is an integral component of the enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and iodothyronine deiodinases. Although selenium nutrition could conceivably affect thyroid function in infants, children and adolescents, available data suggest that the effect of selenium deficiency on thyroid function

Selenium deficiency aggravates the necrotizing effects of a high iodide dose in iodine deficient rats.

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The effect of selenium deficiency associated with various iodide intake was investigated in rats in order to better understand its possible role in the etiopathogeny of myxedematous cretinism. Groups of rat pups were fed from birth a low selenium diet (Se-) and submitted to goitrogenic treatment (1%

Riboflavin metabolism in the hypothyroid newborn.

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In the hypothyroid rat the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) content of the liver is similar to that observed in rats maintained on a riboflavin-deficient diet. Thyroxine regulates the enzyme flavin kinase. Human adults with hypothyroidism have levels of erythrocyte glutathione reductase (EGR), an

Selenium deficiency mitigates hypothyroxinemia in iodine-deficient subjects.

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Studies were performed to assess the role of combined selenium and iodine deficiency in the etiology of endemic myxedematous cretinism in a population in Zaire. One effect of selenium deficiency may be to lower glutathione peroxidase activity in the thyroid gland, thus allowing hydrogen peroxide

Effect of selenium supplementation in hypothyroid subjects of an iodine and selenium deficient area: the possible danger of indiscriminate supplementation of iodine-deficient subjects with selenium.

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Selenium and seleno dependent glutathione peroxidase (GPX) deficiency has been described in endemias of myxedematous cretinism. In northern Zaire, a selenium supplementation trial has been conducted. Beside correcting the GPX activity, two months of selenium supplementation was shown to modify the

The Link Between Selenium, Oxidative Stress and Pregnancy Induced Hypertensive Disorders.

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BACKGROUND The first line of defence against oxidative stress (OS) are the endogenous antioxidants, such as the Se containing compounds. During pregnancy, OS is caused by the intense growth activity of the fetus; therefore, the placenta is a key place for the activity of many seleno-compounds such

Resistance to thyroid hormone due to a novel thyroid hormone receptor mutant in a patient with hypothyroidism secondary to lingual thyroid and functional characterization of the mutant receptor.

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BACKGROUND We describe a rare case of congenital hypothyroidism and an extremely high serum thyrotropin (TSH) level caused by a combination of resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) and a lingual thyroid. As the RTH mutant, R316C, was new, the optimum dose of levothyroxine was unclear. To aid in

The impact of iron and selenium deficiencies on iodine and thyroid metabolism: biochemistry and relevance to public health.

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Several minerals and trace elements are essential for normal thyroid hormone metabolism, e.g., iodine, iron, selenium, and zinc. Coexisting deficiencies of these elements can impair thyroid function. Iron deficiency impairs thyroid hormone synthesis by reducing activity of heme-dependent thyroid

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