cotinine/cannabis

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Decreased serum cotinine levels in smokers of both tobacco and marijuana as compared with smokers of tobacco only.

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Serum and salivary cotinine levels were determined in tobacco smokers (n = 125) who smoked only tobacco (n = 47) or who smoked both marijuana and tobacco (n = 78) as part of a field study of the pulmonary effects of heavy, habitual use of marijuana alone or with tobacco. After adjustment for current

Relative sensitivity and specificity of salivary and serum cotinine in identifying tobacco-smoking status of self-reported nonsmokers and smokers of tobacco and/or marijuana.

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Serum and salivary cotinine levels were measured in 327 smoking and nonsmoking participants in a study of the health effects of marijuana with and without tobacco. These individuals had no reason to misrepresent their current tobacco-smoking status. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive

Royal College of Pathologists' autopsy guidelines on sudden cardiac death: roles for cannabis, cotinine, NSAIDs and psychology.

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Secondhand marijuana exposure in a convenience sample of young children in New York City.

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Biomarkers of exposure to marijuana smoke can be detected in the urine of children with exposure to secondhand marijuana smoke, but the prevalence is unclear.We studied children between the ages of 0 to 3 years who were coming in for well-child visits or

Adolescent cannabis and tobacco use and educational outcomes at age 16: birth cohort study.

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between cannabis and tobacco use by age 15 and subsequent educational outcomes. METHODS Birth cohort study. METHODS England. METHODS The sample was drawn from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children; a core sample of 1155 individuals had complete

Patterns of marijuana and tobacco use associated with suboptimal self-rated health among US adult ever users of marijuana.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the patterns of marijuana and tobacco use and their associations with suboptimal self-rated health (SRH) among US adults who reported "ever, even once, using marijuana or hashish." Data came from the 2009-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,

Detecting biomarkers of secondhand marijuana smoke in young children.

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BACKGROUND The impact of secondhand marijuana smoke exposure on children is unknown. New methods allow detection of secondhand marijuana smoke in children. METHODS We studied children ages 1 mo to 2 y hospitalized with bronchiolitis in Colorado from 2013 to 2015. Parents completed a survey, and

[Prevalence of cannabis and tobacco use in patients attending a methadone center. Evaluation by urinary biomarkers].

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OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cannabis and tobacco use in a population attending a Methadone Center. METHODS We studied 49 patients over a 3-month period. Urine samples were obtained at three different times from each patient for analysis. We measured urinary

Marijuana and Tobacco Coexposure in Hospitalized Children.

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BACKGROUND The impact of secondhand marijuana smoke exposure on children is unknown. New methods allow for the detection of marijuana smoke exposure in children. METHODS We studied children who were hospitalized in Colorado and had a parent participating in a smoking cessation study; all children

Frequencies of hprt mutant lymphocytes in marijuana-smoking mothers and their newborns.

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Reports of increases in the prevalence of marijuana smoking, especially among young people, have led to concerns about possible genotoxic effects from marijuana use due to exposure to the mutagenic and carcinogenic agents present in marijuana smoke. Prior studies of the adverse health consequences

Maternal Marijuana Exposure, Feto-Placental Weight Ratio, and Placental Histology

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Objective: Marijuana use is associated with placenta-mediated adverse pregnancy outcomes including fetal growth restriction, but the mechanism remains uncertain. The objective was to evaluate the association between maternal marijuana

Aerobic Fitness Level Moderates the Association Between Cannabis Use and Executive Functioning and Psychomotor Speed Following Abstinence in Adolescents and Young Adults.

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OBJECTIVE The high rate of cannabis (CAN) use in emerging adults is concerning given prior research suggesting neurocognitive deficits associated with CAN use in youth. Regular CAN use downregulates endocannabinoid activity, while aerobic exercise upregulates cannabinoid receptor 1 activity and

Cannabis misinterpretation and misadventure in a coroner's court.

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A 37-year-old, one-pack-per-day tobacco smoker collapsed and died at home. At autopsy, he had an occluded left anterior descending coronary artery. Δ(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol-carboxylic acid was found in his urine but no cannabinoids were detected in his blood. Misadventure was the inquest verdict on

To what extent does adding tobacco to cannabis expose young users to nicotine?

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BACKGROUND To determine if mulling, the process of adding tobacco to cannabis for its consumption, exposes young cannabis users to significant levels of nicotine. METHODS This observational study performed in 2009-2010 among Swiss youths aged 16-25 years involved the completion of a

Assessing tobacco dependence among cannabis users smoking cigarettes.

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BACKGROUND This study examines the relationship between nicotine exposure and tobacco addiction among young smokers consuming either only tobacco or only tobacco and cannabis. METHODS Data on tobacco and cannabis use were collected by a questionnaire among 313 adolescents and young adults in Western

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