cotinine/necrosis

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The relationship between cotinine concentrations and inflammatory markers among highly secondhand smoke exposed non-smoking adolescents.

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BACKGROUND Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is a risk factor of respiratory, cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases, however its association with inflammatory markers among highly SHS exposed adolescents has not yet been explored. METHODS Participants included in this study were a subset of 68

Sudden infant death syndrome: postmortem findings of nicotine and cotinine in pericardial fluid of infants in relation to morphological changes and position at death.

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Parental smoking is considered to be an important risk factor for the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). We studied the concentrations of nicotine and cotinine in the pericardial fluid of SIDS and non-SIDS victims, with particular emphasis on the relationship to body position at the time of death

The effect of calcium channel blockers on smoking-induced skin flap necrosis.

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BACKGROUND Calcium channel blockers have been shown experimentally to reverse many of the effects of nicotine. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of calcium channel blockers on smoking-induced skin flap necrosis. METHODS Forty male albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups.

Cotinine inhibits TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and improves deep vein thrombosis in rats

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Background: The present study was designed to explore the regulatory mechanisms and influences of cotinine on deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in rats via the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor κ binding (TLR-4/NF-κB) pathway. Methods:

Nicotine and cotinine stimulate secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor and affect expression of matrix metalloproteinases in cultured human smooth muscle cells.

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OBJECTIVE We have recently shown that nicotine and its metabolite cotinine are mitogenic for smooth muscle cells in vitro. In the present study, we examined the effect of nicotine and cotinine on the production of growth factors and the expression of matrix metallo-proteinases in smooth muscle

Infection with respiratory syncytial virus and water-soluble components of cigarette smoke alter production of tumour necrosis factor alpha and nitric oxide by human blood monocytes.

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Cigarette smoke and virus infections contribute to the pathogenesis and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of a water-soluble cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and/or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection on

Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Matrix-Metalloproteinases 8 and 9 Levels in the Saliva Are Associated with Increased Hemoglobin A1c in Type 1 Diabetes Subjects.

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BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease resulting in the targeted destruction of pancreatic β-cells and permanent loss of insulin production. Proper glucose management results in better clinical outcomes for T1D and provides a strong rationale to identify non-invasive biomarkers

Ameliorative Effect of Gum Acacia on Hookah Smoke-Induced Testicular Impairment in Mice.

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We investigated some reproductive actions of hookah smoke (HS) exposure (30 min/day, for 30 days) in male mice, and the possible mitigative effect of the prebiotic agent gum acacia (GA) thereon. Control mice were air-exposed (AE). Twenty-four hours after the last exposure, the levels of some plasma

Acute and short-term effects of secondhand smoke on lung function and cytokine production.

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BACKGROUND The acute effect of secondhand smoke (SHS) on lung function and the duration of system disruption remain unknown. OBJECTIVE To assess the SHS effects and their duration on lung function and inflammatory markers. METHODS In a randomized single-blind crossover experiment data were obtained

Growth differentiating factor-15 and its association with traditional cardiovascular risk factors: The African-PREDICT study.

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Growth differentiating factor-15 (GDF-15) is a stress-induced and cardio-protective cytokine, reported to be influenced by a number of cardiovascular risk factors. In older adults, GDF-15 associated with age, black ethnicity and smoking. It is important to determine if GDF-15 could

Alterations of gene expression in human neutrophils induced by smoking cessation.

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OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of smoking cessation on the peripheral neutrophil mRNA expression levels for inflammatory cytokines, chemokine, growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP). METHODS Sixteen male smokers (aged 22-39 [25.3+/-4.0] years),

Early development of osteoporosis in male smokers with hypoandrogenism due to fascioliasis with or without schistosomiasis added by life style.

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The multifactor outcome of hypoandrogenemia with the impact of oxidative stress induced by glucose intolerance, fascioliasis with or without schistosomiasis and cumulative smoking influence on bone remodeling and the early development of osteoporotic manifestations were studied. The effect on

Red Wine Prevents the Acute Negative Vascular Effects of Smoking.

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BACKGROUND Moderate consumption of red wine is associated with fewer cardiovascular events. We investigated whether red wine consumption counteracts the adverse vascular effects of cigarette smoking. METHODS Participants smoked 3 cigarettes alone or after drinking a titrated volume of red wine.

Smokeless tobacco induced biophysical and biochemical alterations in the plasma, erythrocytes, and platelets of panmasala users: Subsequent biological effects

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Aim & background: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) products are extensively consumed throughout the world including India. These products act as the primary addictive agents, due to the presence of nicotine among other tobacco products to

Effect of short-term use of oral smokeless tobacco on random- pattern skin flap survival in rats.

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We investigated the effects of smokeless tobacco on the survival of random-pattern skin flaps in rats. Twenty rats were divided into two groups (n=10 each). In the experimental group 200 mg smokeless tobacco (Maras powder) (1 mg nicotine) was inserted intraorally once a day for seven days under

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