crocus/nicotine

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Efficient production of saffron crocins and picrocrocin in Nicotiana benthamiana using a virus-driven system

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Crocins and picrocrocin are glycosylated apocarotenoids responsible, respectively, for the color and the unique taste of the saffron spice, known as red gold due to its high price. Several studies have also shown the health-promoting properties of these compounds. However, their high costs hamper

Crocin Improves Damage Induced by Nicotine on A Number of Reproductive Parameters in Male Mice.

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BACKGROUND Crocin, a carotenoid isolated from Crocus sativus L. (saffron), is a pharmacologically active component of saffron. Nicotine consumption can decrease fertility in males through induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of crocin on

Protective Role of Crocin Against Nicotine-induced Damages on Male Mice Liver.

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BACKGROUND Nicotine is a major pharmacologically active substance in cigarette smoke. It is mainly metabolized in liver and causes devastating effects. Crocin is the chemical ingredient primarily responsible for the color of saffron. It has different pharmacological effects such as antioxidant and

Candidate Enzymes for Saffron Crocin Biosynthesis Are Localized in Multiple Cellular Compartments.

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Saffron is the dried stigmas of Crocus sativus and is the most expensive spice in the world. Its red color is due to crocins, which are apocarotenoid glycosides that accumulate in the vacuole to a level up to 10% of the stigma dry weight. Previously, we characterized the first dedicated enzyme in

A glycoconjugate from corms of saffron plant (Crocus sativus L.) inhibits root growth and affects in vitro cell viability.

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A glycoconjugate has been characterized from saffron corms (Crocus sativus L.) that inhibits the growth of roots of Nicotiana tabacum and Arabidopsis thaliana, at concentrations ranging from 1-100 micrograms m-3. Roots of seedlings grown in the presence 0.1 microgram m-3 glycoconjugate showed

Functional characterization of flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase, CsF3'H, from Crocus sativus L: Insights into substrate specificity and role in abiotic stress.

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Stress-responsive dihydroxy flavonoids exhibit capability to inhibit the accretion of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The formation of these dihydroxy flavonols is catalyzed by flavonoid hydroxylases which are among the rate limiting enzymes of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. Although flavonoid

New target carotenoids for CCD4 enzymes are revealed with the characterization of a novel stress-induced carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase gene from Crocus sativus.

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Apocarotenoid compounds play diverse communication functions in plants, some of them being as hormones, pigments and volatiles. Apocarotenoids are the result of enzymatic cleavage of carotenoids catalyzed by carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD). The CCD4 family is the largest family of plant CCDs,

Elucidation and functional characterization of CsPSY and CsUGT promoters in Crocus sativus L.

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The dried stigmas of Crocus sativus constitute the saffron, which is considered to be the costliest spice of the world. Saffron is valuable for its constituents, which are mainly apocarotenoids. In order to enhance the production of apocarotenoids, it is imperative to understand the regulation of

Oral submucous fibrosis: a review article on etiopathogenesis.

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Areca quid chewing related oral mucosal lesions are potential hazard to a large population worldwide. Commercially freeze dried products such as pan masala, guthka and mawa have high concentration of areca nut per chew and appear to cause OSMF more rapidly than by self prepared conventional betel

The role of phytochemicals in the treatment and prevention of dementia.

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Dementia pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) are reaching epidemic proportions, yet they are not successfully managed by effective symptomatic treatments. Only five drugs have been developed to alleviate cognitive symptoms, and more effective and safe treatments are needed for both the

UGT709G1: a novel uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of picrocrocin, the precursor of safranal in saffron (Crocus sativus).

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Saffron, a spice derived from the dried red stigmas of Crocus sativus, is one of the oldest natural food additives. The flowers have long red stigmas, which store significant quantities of the glycosylated apocarotenoids crocins and picrocrocin. The apocarotenoid biosynthetic pathway in saffron

Saffron improves epididymal sperm parameters in rats exposed to cadmium.

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BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is known to cause various disorders in the testis. The general population may be exposed to Cd through ingestion of food and drinking water, inhalation of particulates from ambient air, tobacco smoke and ingestion of contaminated soil and dust. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is

Reversal effects of crocin on amyloid β-induced memory deficit: Modification of autophagy or apoptosis markers.

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Crocin, as a carotenoid, is one of the main and active constituents of saffron stigmas (Crocus sativus L.) that is widely used in folk medicine. Several studies have pointed out the potent antioxidant and neuroprotective properties of crocin which may have therapeutic values for management of

Functional Characterization of CsBGlu12, a β-Glucosidase from Crocus sativus, Provides Insights into Its Role in Abiotic Stress through Accumulation of Antioxidant Flavonols.

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Glycosylation and deglycosylation are impressive mechanisms that allow plants to regulate the biological activity of an array of secondary metabolites. Although glycosylation improves solubility and renders the metabolites suitable for transport and sequestration, deglycosylation activates them to

First Report of Narcissus mosaic virus Infecting Crocus spp. Cultivars in the Netherlands.

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A survey to identify virus diseases affecting Crocus spp. in the Netherlands was conducted during April 2004. Crocus spp. (cvs. Flavus, Pick-wick, Remembrance, and Grand Maitre) with symptoms suggestive of virus infection (stunting, yellowing, necrosis, and flower color breaking) were collected from

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