cystine/diarrhea

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Dissolution of cystine stones by irrigated tiopronin solution.

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A new method involving the introduction of tiopronin solution directly into the renal pelvis or bladder has been developed for the treatment of cystine stones. Therapeutic irrigation by tiopronin solution was done in 4 cases of residual cystine kidney stones using a nephrostomy tube, and in an

Efficacy of oral administration of cystine and theanine in colorectal cancer patients undergoing capecitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery: a multi-institutional, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase II trial (JORTC-CAM03).

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Capecitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer patients often causes adverse events (AEs), such as diarrhea, stomatitis, anorexia, and hand-foot syndrome (HFS). Cystine and theanine were reported to attenuate some chemotherapy-associated AEs, and hence are also expected

Oral administration of the amino acids cystine and theanine attenuates the adverse events of S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy in gastrointestinal cancer patients.

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BACKGROUND Nutritional therapy is used to reduce the adverse events (AEs) of anticancer drugs. Here, we determined whether the amino acids cystine and theanine, which provide substrates for glutathione, attenuated the AEs of S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS Patients scheduled to receive S-1

[Post-antibiotic diarrheas: role of Klebsiella oxytoca].

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From May 1989 to January 1991, 20 patients were investigated for antibiotic-associated acute diarrhea. Colonoscopy or rectosigmoidoscopy was performed in each patient. Cultures of colonic mucosal biopsies were carried out using conventional culture grounds (cystine-lactose-electrolyte-deficient).

Tupaias (tree shrews)--a new animal model for gallstone research; first observations of gallstones.

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In tupaias, rat-sized mammals with phylogenetic affinities to insectivores and primates, gallstones can be induced by diet. Twenty per cent butter, 20% sucrose, and 1% cholesterol, added to the standard diet, caused massive stone formation in 11 of 16 male tupaias. In the other five animals the bile

Enrichment culture coagglutination test for rapid, low-cost diagnosis of salmonellosis.

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Specific diagnosis of salmonellosis by conventional culture and identification methods usually requires 2 to 4 days. Since Salmonella may be disseminated from infected individuals during this period, this amount of time required for diagnosis may be too slow to aid in epidemic control. To obtain

Reduction of the secretory response to Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin by thiol and disulfide compounds.

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We examined the effects of disulfide and thiol compounds on Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) and cyclic GMP-induced secretion. Both cystamine and cystine (disulfide compounds) reduced the secretory responses to submaximal doses of ST in suckling mice (at 0.5 mumol per mouse) and reduced

Cholelithiasis in four callitrichid species (Leontopithecus, Callithrix).

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Medical records of three male and three female callitrichids of four species (Leontopithecus chrysopygus, Leontopithecus rosalia, Callithrix argentata argentata, Callithrix kuhlii) diagnosed with cholelithiasis were reviewed. Ages of affected animals at the time of diagnosis ranged from 2-14 yr.

Gastrointestinal manifestations of nephropathic cystinosis in children.

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BACKGROUND Cystinosis is an autosomal recessive disorder which is characterized by both renal and extrarenal symptoms. Gastrointestinal dysfunction has been reported in adolescent with cystinosis, and it is rarely considered in the infants. The present case series reviewed gastrointestinal

Use of N-acetylcysteine in clinical toxicology.

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The major use of N-acetylcysteine in clinical toxicology is in the treatment of acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdosage. The hepatorenal toxicity of acetaminophen is mediated by a reactive metabolite normally detoxified by reduced glutathione. If glutathione is depleted, covalent binding to

Adverse gastrointestinal effects of arginine and related amino acids.

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Oral supplements of arginine and citrulline increase local nitric oxide (NO) production in the small intestine and this may be harmful under certain circumstances. Gastrointestinal toxicity was therefore reviewed with respect to the intestinal physiology of arginine, citrulline, ornithine, and

Toxins, butyric acid, and other short-chain fatty acids are coordinately expressed and down-regulated by cysteine in Clostridium difficile.

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It was recently found that a mixture of nine amino acids down-regulate Clostridium difficile toxin production when added to peptone yeast extract (PY) cultures of strain VPI 10463 (S. Karlsson, L. G. Burman, and T. Akerlund, Microbiology 145:1683-1693, 1999). In the present study, seven of these

Detection of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in stool samples by using nonradioactively labeled oligonucleotide DNA probes and PCR.

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The detection of heat-labile enterotoxin LT-A and heat-stable enterotoxin ST Ia and ST Ib genes from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) by using oligonucleotide DNA probes and the PCR was evaluated in reconstruction experiments and by testing stool specimens from 29 healthy subjects and from 50

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