cytidine/arabidopsis

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Repair of DNA Damage Induced by the Cytidine Analog Zebularine Requires ATR and ATM in Arabidopsis.

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DNA damage repair is an essential cellular mechanism that maintains genome stability. Here, we show that the nonmethylable cytidine analog zebularine induces a DNA damage response in Arabidopsis thaliana, independent of changes in DNA methylation. In contrast to genotoxic agents that induce damage

Of the Nine Cytidine Deaminase-Like Genes in Arabidopsis, Eight Are Pseudogenes and Only One Is Required to Maintain Pyrimidine Homeostasis in Vivo.

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CYTIDINE DEAMINASE (CDA) catalyzes the deamination of cytidine to uridine and ammonia in the catabolic route of C nucleotides. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) CDA gene family comprises nine members, one of which (AtCDA) was shown previously in vitro to encode an active CDA. A possible role in

The crystal structure of a plant 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase exhibits a distinct quaternary structure compared to bacterial homologues and a possible role in feedback regulation for cytidine monophosphate.

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The homodimeric 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase contributes to the nonmevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis. The crystal structure of the catalytic domain of the recombinant enzyme derived from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana has been solved by molecular replacement

Complementary DNAs encoding eukaryotic-type cytidine-5'-diphosphate-diacylglycerol synthases of two plant species.

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Cytidine diphosphate (CDP)-diacylglycerol synthase (cytidine triphosphate:phosphatidate cytihyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.41) catalyzes the formation of CDP-diacylglycerol, which is the precursor of phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, and cardiolipin. We report the first cloning, to our

Crystal structure of Arabidopsis thaliana cytidine deaminase

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Cytidine deaminase (CDA) catalyzes the (deoxy)cytidine deamination to (deoxy)uridine, which involves in the catabolic and salvage pathways of pyrimidine nucleotides in plants. CDA serves as a prototype of the cytidine deaminase superfamily that contains a number of RNA editing enzymes. Arabidopsis

Cloning and characterization of cytidine monophosphate-3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate synthetase from Arabidopsis thaliana.

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The function and metabolic pathway of 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate (KDO) are unclear in plants although it is an essential component in plant cell wall. Here we cloned and characterized a putative Arabidopsis thaliana cytidine monophosphate-KDO synthetase to understand synthetic pathways of KDO. It

Cloning, expression, and purification of cytidine deaminase from Arabidopsis thaliana.

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The complementary DNA (cDNA) coding for Arabidopsis thaliana cytidine deaminase 1 (AT-CDA1) was obtained from the amplified A. thaliana cDNA expression library, provided by R. W. Davis (Stanford University, CA). AT-CDA1 cDNA was subcloned into the expression vector pTrc99-A and the protein,

A prokaryotic-type cytidine deaminase from Arabidopsis thaliana gene expression and functional characterization.

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The gene and cDNA of an Arabidopsis thaliana cytidine deaminase (CDA) were cloned and sequenced. The gene, At-cda1, is located on chromosome 2 and is expressed in all plant tissues tested, although with quantitative differences. Expression analysis suggest that At-cda1 probably codes for the

Identification of enzymes for adenosine-to-inosine editing and discovery of cytidine-to-uridine editing in nucleus-encoded transfer RNAs of Arabidopsis.

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In all organisms, transfer RNAs (tRNAs) contain numerous modified nucleotides. For many base modifications in tRNAs, the functional significance is not well understood, and the enzymes performing the modification reactions are unknown. Here, we have studied members of a family of putative nucleotide

A putative antiviral role of plant cytidine deaminases.

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BACKGROUND A mechanism of innate antiviral immunity operating against viruses infecting mammalian cells has been described during the last decade. Host cytidine deaminases ( e.g., APOBEC3 proteins) edit viral genomes, giving rise to hypermutated nonfunctional viruses; consequently, viral fitness is

Cytidine 5'-triphosphate-dependent biosynthesis of isoprenoids: YgbP protein of Escherichia coli catalyzes the formation of 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methylerythritol.

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2-C-methylerythritol 4-phosphate has been established recently as an intermediate of the deoxyxylulose phosphate pathway used for biosynthesis of terpenoids in plants and in many microorganisms. We show that an enzyme isolated from cell extract of Escherichia coli converts 2-C-methylerythritol

Characterization of filament-forming CTP synthases from Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Cytidine triphosphate (CTP) is essential for DNA, RNA and phospholipid biosynthesis. De novo synthesis is catalyzed by CTP synthases (CTPS). Arabidopsis encodes five CTPS isoforms that unanimously share conserved motifs found across kingdoms, suggesting all five are functional enzymes. Whereas

Plant purine nucleoside catabolism employs a guanosine deaminase required for the generation of xanthosine in Arabidopsis.

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Purine nucleotide catabolism is common to most organisms and involves a guanine deaminase to convert guanine to xanthine in animals, invertebrates, and microorganisms. Using metabolomic analysis of mutants, we demonstrate that Arabidopsis thaliana uses an alternative catabolic route employing a

[Molecular cloning and characterization of the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase gene from Artemisia annua L.].

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The plastidial methylerythritol phosphate(MEP) pathway provides 5-carbon precursors to the biosynthesis of isoprenoid (including artemisinin). 2-C-Methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (MCT) is the third enzyme of the MEP pathway, which catalyzes 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate to

Cloning and functional characterization of 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidyltransferase (GbMECT) gene from Ginkgo biloba.

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2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidyltransferase (MECT), the third enzyme of the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, catalyzes formation of 4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol from MEP. GbMECT, presumably involved in ginkgolide biosynthesis, was cloned and

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