Simultaneous serum, urine, and bile measurements of digitoxin and its cardioactive metabolites were preformed in 5 cholecystectomized patients with T tube drainage. A 86Rb method was used for serum and urine analysis. The recovery of digitoxin and cardioactive metabolites in two extractions with
A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) method has been developed and validated for the determination of digoxin and digitoxin in whole blood samples in autopsy cases. Samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) with ethyl acetate/heptane/dichloromethane (3:1:1). LC
Digitoxin concentration, measured by radio-immunoassay, was significantly lower in 51 patients in chronic renal failure (23.2 +/- 7.8 mug/l) than in 29 patients in heart failure (26.5 +/- 7.3 mug/l), although both groups were on the same maintenance dose of 0.1 mg daily. Despite a normal serum
A thin-layer chromatographic method for the separation of digitoxin and its cardioactive metabolites in one system is described. Pre-coated silica gel plates impregnated with 15% formamide solution in acetone were developed twice in the same direction (running distance 18cm) with ethyl methyl
A rapid and versatile series of high-performance liquid chromatographic systems are described for the resolution of digoxin, digitoxin and their potential metabolites or degradation products and impurities. These systems consist of isocratic, single-step gradient and linear gradient modes that
Dogs with ligated common bile ducts were used to determine effects of cholestasis on pharmacokinetics of digoxin and digitoxin. Forty-three dogs were assigned to: group 1--sham-operated controls (n = 13); group 2--dogs with ligated common bile duct (n = 17); group 3--dogs given phenobarbital for 2
Hydrolysis of 3H(G)-digitoxin by hydrochloric acid and human gastric juice is described. Incubation temperatures of 37 degrees C and 22 degrees C were chosen for electrolyte solutions, and 37 degrees C for the experiments with gastric juice. After dichloromethane extraction, the radioactive
A two-dimensional thin-layer chromatographic method was developed for the qualitative determination of the cardiotoxins oleandrin, gitoxin, digitoxin, gitoxigenin, and grayanotoxins I, II, and III in gastrointestinal contents (stomach, rumen, colon, and cecum contents), feces, and plant material.
In order to simultaneously determine in vivo P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) activity, a new, rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method has been developed and fully validated to simultaneously determine midazolam (MDZ, as CYP3A
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