disaccharide/atrophy

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Marked deterioration in glycemic control with change in brand of lactulose syrup.

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Lactulose is a poorly absorbed synthetic disaccharide frequently used in the treatment of portasystemic encephalopathy. Because lactulose syrup contains small amounts of absorbable sugars, it may cause hyperglycemia in diabetic individuals, but is usually well tolerated. We report the case of a

Human intestinal disaccharidase activities: correlations with age, biopsy technique, and degree of villus atrophy.

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The relationship between intestinal morphology, disaccharidase activity, and disaccharide absorption is controversial. A retrospective study of 798 consecutive biopsies was performed to determine whether disaccharidase activities varied by subject age, biopsy technique, and degree of villus atrophy.

Synergic prodegradative activity of Bicalutamide and trehalose on the mutant androgen receptor responsible for spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.

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Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an X-linked motoneuron disease due to a CAG triplet-repeat expansion in the androgen receptor (AR) gene, which is translated into an elongated polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in AR protein (ARpolyQ). ARpolyQ toxicity is activated by the AR ligand testosterone

Relationship between carbohydrate composition and fungal deterioration of functional strawberry juices preserved using non-thermal treatments.

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BACKGROUND The quantification of the main carbohydrates present in strawberry juices enriched with inulin and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and preserved by non-thermal techniques (vanillin and ultrasound) was conducted, in addition to an investigation of the evolution of these compounds and their

Appearance of PNA-binding cells within the outer nuclear layer coinciding with photoreceptor degeneration in rd mice.

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Peanut agglutinin (PNA), a lectin with affinity for galactose-galactosamine disaccharides, has been employed to monitor alterations in carbohydrate expression in retinal degenerative (rd) mice. Mice homozygous for the rd gene exhibit a rapid loss of rod photoreceptor cells in the first postnatal

Stage-specific binding of peanut agglutinin to aggregates of degenerating photoreceptor cells in the rd mouse retina.

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Peanut agglutinin, a lectin with high binding affinity for galactose-galactosamine disaccharide, was used to monitor changes in the photoreceptor cell layer of mice with inherited retinal degeneration. Mice homozygous for the retinal degeneration (rd) gene exhibit a rapid loss of rod photoreceptor

Chaperone effect of sulfated disaccharide from heparin on mutant iduronate-2-sulfatase in mucopolysaccharidosis type II.

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Small molecules called pharmacological chaperones have been shown to improve the stability, intracellular localization, and function of mutated enzymes in several lysosomal storage diseases, and proposed as promising therapeutic agents for them. However, a chaperone compound for

A method for characterising human intervertebral disc glycosaminoglycan disaccharides using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring.

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Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration results in the depletion of proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which can lead to structural and mechanical loss of IVD function, ingrowth of nociceptive nerve fibres and eventually discogenic pain. Specific GAG types as well as their disaccharide

Age-dependent changes in heparan sulfate in human Bruch's membrane: implications for age-related macular degeneration.

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OBJECTIVE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices. The aim was to

Antiallergic activity of a disaccharide isolated from Sanguisorba officinalis.

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The antiallergic activity of the natural disaccharide, 5-O-alpha-D-(3-C-hydroxymethyl)lyxofuranosyl-beta-D-(2-C-hydroxymethyl)arabinofuranose was evaluated using both in vivo and in vitro experimental models. Intravenously administered compound inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis response in

Periodic knee injections of BMP-7 delay cartilage degeneration induced by excessive running in rats.

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Strenuous running of rats enhances mechanical stress on the knee, thereby inducing degeneration of articular cartilage. Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) has an inhibitory effect on cartilage degeneration, suggesting its usefulness for human osteoarthritis patients. However, its mode of

Abnormal intestinal permeability to sugars in villous atrophy.

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Intestinal permeability to a monosaccharide and a disaccharide was compared by simultaneous measurement of the urinary excretion of L-rhamnose and lactulose after oral ingestion of an hypertonic solution containing both sugars. Urine samples were analysed for sugar content by quantitative thin-layer

Evaluation of the liquid chromatographic separation of monosaccharides, disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides, deoxysaccharides and sugar alcohols with stable cyclodextrin bonded phase columns.

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Both alpha- and beta-cyclodextrin (CD) bonded phase columns were evaluated for their ability to separate carbohydrates and related molecules. Chromatographic data on approximately 50 solutes are reported. Mobile phases consisting of acetonitrile-water or acetone-water produce the best separations.

Intestinal trehalase activity in a UK population: establishing a normal range and the effect of disease.

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Trehalose is a disaccharide, the main dietary source being mushrooms. It has been approved as an additive in the preparation of dried food. Isolated intestinal trehalase deficiency is found in 8% of Greenlanders, but is rare elsewhere. The normal range of trehalase activity and the incidence of

Lentiviral-mediated gene therapy for murine mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA.

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Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS IIIA) is a heritable glycosaminoglycan (GAG) storage disorder which is characterised by lysosomal accumulation of heparan sulphate, secondary to a deficiency of sulphamidase (heparan-N-sulphatase, N-sulphoglucosamine sulphohydrolase, EC No. 3.10.1.1.). There is

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