fumonisin/hepatitis

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Toxicity of the mycotoxins fumonisins B1 and B2 and Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici toxin (AAL) in cultured mammalian cells.

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Fumonisins B1 and B2 and AAL toxin are a series of structurally related mycotoxins. Fumonisins B1 and B2, produced by Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon induce toxic hepatitis and hepatomas in rats and leukoencephalomalacia in horses. The cancer-promotion assay which has been used to guide their

Fumonisin B1-induced hepatocellular and cholangiocellular tumors in male Fischer 344 rats: potentiating effects of 2-acetylaminofluorene on oval cell proliferation and neoplastic development in a discontinued feeding study.

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Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a naturally occurring mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides. Dietary exposure to FB1 has been linked to human cancer in certain parts of the world, and treatment with FB1 causes oval cell proliferation and liver tumors in rats. To study the potential role of oval

Fumonisin B1 and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in two Chinese cohorts.

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Fumonisin B1 (FB1), a mycotoxin that contaminates corn in certain climates, has been demonstrated to cause hepatocellular cancer (HCC) in animal models. Whether a relationship between FB1 and HCC exists in humans is not known. To examine the hypothesis, we conducted case-control studies nested

The effects of dietary iron overload on fumonisin B1-induced cancer promotion in the rat liver.

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The present study was performed to determine whether excess hepatic iron modulates the cancer-initiating and promoting properties of FB1. Thirty-eight male F344 rats were divided into four dietary treatment groups: (i) control diet (AIN, n = 8); (ii) FB1 250 mg/kg diet (FB1, n = 10); (iii) 1-2%

Mycotoxins and human health.

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Mycotoxins have been investigated in relation to a wide range of adverse human health effects, but the evidence for all but a small number of associations is limited. Thus, the full impact on human health of the widespread exposure to mycotoxins remains to be defined. The main exception is for

Aflatoxins as risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in humans.

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On a global basis, primary liver cancer (PLC) is a very prevalent form of cancer. Wide variation of PLC incidence in different areas of the world suggests the involvement of environmental factors in its etiology. Two major classes of risk factors have been identified. Extensive evidence indicates

A Concise History of Mycotoxin Research.

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Toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins entered human food supplies about the time when mankind first began to cultivate crops and to store them from one season to the next, perhaps 10,000 years ago. The storage of cereals probably initiated the transition by mankind from hunter-gatherer to cultivator, at

Mycotoxin risk assessment for the purpose of setting international regulatory standards.

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The 2003 Council for Agricultural Science and Technology Mycotoxin report states that one 21st century goal is the development of uniform regulations worldwide for foodborne mycotoxin contamination. This study informs that endeavor by a risk assessment and economic analysis of two important

Estimated exposure to EU regulated mycotoxins and risk characterization of aflatoxin-induced hepatic toxicity through the consumption of the toasted cereal flour called "gofio", a traditional food of the Canary Islands (Spain).

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"Gofio" is a type of flour made from toasted grain, which is part of the staple food in the Canary Islands, Spain, in which the occurrence of Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2), Fumonisins B1 and B2 (FB1 and FB2) Ochratoxin A (OTA), Deoxynivalenol (DNV) and Zearalenone (ZEA) was

Mycotoxins and human disease: a largely ignored global health issue.

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Aflatoxins and fumonisins (FB) are mycotoxins contaminating a large fraction of the world's food, including maize, cereals, groundnuts and tree nuts. The toxins frequently co-occur in maize. Where these commodities are dietary staples, for example, in parts of Africa, Asia and Latin America, the

Update of survey, regulation and toxic effects of mycotoxins in Europe.

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The most frequent toxigenic fungi in Europe are Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium species. They produce aflatoxin B1 transformed into aflatoxin M1 found in the milk, as well as Ochratoxins and Zearalenone, Fumonisin B1, T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin), which are of

Human dietary exposure to chemicals in sub-Saharan Africa: safety assessment through a total diet study

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Background: Human dietary exposure to chemicals can result in a wide range of adverse health effects. Some substances might cause non-communicable diseases, including cancer and coronary heart diseases, and could be nephrotoxic. Food is

Multi-branched gold nanoflower-embedded iron porphyrin for colorimetric immunosensor.

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Here, we for the first time used a thiolated amino-ligand modified multi-branched gold nanoflower as skeleton to encapsulate iron porphyrins (AuNF@FeTPPCl) as alternatives to horseradish peroxidase (HRP). After the FeTPPCl encapsulation, the HRP mimicking activity of FeTPPCl was effectively blocked

Total Dietary Intake and Health Risks Associated with Exposure to Aflatoxin B1, Ochratoxin A and Fuminisins of Children in Lao Cai Province, Vietnam.

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The health burden of foodborne mycotoxins is considerable, but particularly for children due to their lower detoxification capacity, rapid growth and high intake of food in proportion to their weight. Through a Total Dietary Study approach, the objective was to estimate the dietary exposure and

Toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins.

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Growth of commonly occurring filamentous fungi in foods may result in production of toxins known as mycotoxins, which can cause a variety of ill effects in humans, from allergic responses to immunosuppression and cancer. The most important mycotoxins are aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, fumonisins,

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