indole 3 acetonitrile/arabidopsis

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Glutathione-indole-3-acetonitrile is required for camalexin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Camalexin, a major phytoalexin in Arabidopsis thaliana, consists of an indole ring and a thiazole ring. The indole ring is produced from Trp, which is converted to indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN) by CYP79B2/CYP79B3 and CYP71A13. Conversion of Cys(IAN) to dihydrocamalexic acid and subsequently to

Indole-3-acetonitrile production from indole glucosinolates deters oviposition by Pieris rapae.

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Like many crucifer-specialist herbivores, Pieris rapae uses the presence of glucosinolates as a signal for oviposition and larval feeding. Arabidopsis thaliana glucosinolate-related mutants provide a unique resource for studying the in vivo role of these compounds in affecting P. rapae oviposition.

Cloning and expression of an Arabidopsis nitrilase which can convert indole-3-acetonitrile to the plant hormone, indole-3-acetic acid.

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From an Arabidopsis thaliana cDNA expression library, a cDNA clone was isolated, characterized and sequenced which, at the amino acid level, resembled the Klebsiella ozaenae bromoxynil nitrilase encoded by the bxn gene. The cDNA contained a long open reading frame, starting from two possible

The multifunctional enzyme CYP71B15 (PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3) converts cysteine-indole-3-acetonitrile to camalexin in the indole-3-acetonitrile metabolic network of Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Accumulation of camalexin, the characteristic phytoalexin of Arabidopsis thaliana, is induced by a great variety of plant pathogens. It is derived from Trp, which is converted to indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN) by successive action of the cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP79B2/B3 and CYP71A13. Extracts from

Arabidopsis mutants resistant to the auxin effects of indole-3-acetonitrile are defective in the nitrilase encoded by the NIT1 gene.

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Indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN) is a candidate precursor of the plant growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). We demonstrated that IAN has auxinlike effects on Arabidopsis seedlings and that exogenous IAN is converted to IAA in vivo. We isolated mutants with reduced sensitivity to IAN that remained

Functional interpretation and structural insights of Arabidopsis lyrata cytochrome P450 CYP71A13 involved in auxin synthesis.

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Cytochrome P450 CYP71A13 of Arabidopsis lyrata is a heme protein involved in biosynthesis of indole-3-acetonitrile which leads to the formation of indolyl-3-acetic acid. It catalyzes a unique reaction: formation of a carbon-nitrogen triple bond and dehydration of indolyl-3-acetaldoxime. Homology

Occurrence and formation of indole-3-acetamide in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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An HPLC/GC-MS/MS technique (high-pressure liquid chromatography in combination with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) has been worked out to analyze indole-3-acetamide (IAM) with very high sensitivity, using isotopically labelled IAM as an internal standard. Using this technique, the

The role of MYB34, MYB51 and MYB122 in the regulation of camalexin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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The phytoalexin camalexin and indolic glucosinolates share not only a common evolutionary origin and a tightly interconnected biosynthetic pathway, but regulatory proteins controlling the shared enzymatic steps are also modulated by the same R2R3-MYB transcription factors. The indolic phytoalexin

Chlorinated Auxins-How Does Arabidopsis Thaliana Deal with Them?

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Plant hormones have various functions in plants and play crucial roles in all developmental and differentiation stages. Auxins constitute one of the most important groups with the major representative indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). A halogenated derivate of IAA, 4-chloro-indole-3-acetic acid

Molecular cloning of Brassica rapa nitrilases and their expression during clubroot development.

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SUMMARY Three isoforms of nitrilase were cloned from turnip, Brassica rapa L., and their expression during clubroot development caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae was investigated. The isoforms were designated BrNIT-T1, BrNIT-T2 and BrNIT-T4 based on homology to known nitrilases. BrNIT-T1 and

Genes encoding nitrilase-like proteins from tobacco.

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Nitrilase (nitrile aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.5.1) catalyzes the hydrolysis of indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN) to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Arabidopsis thaliana genome has four nitrilase genes (NIT1, NIT2, NIT3 and NIT4). Three (NIT1, NIT2 and NIT3) of the four genes have high similarity. We have cloned

Structural analysis of the TNIT4 genes encoding nitrilase-like protein from tobacco.

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Nitrilase (nitrile aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.5.1) catalyzes the hydrolysis of indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN) to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The Arabidopsis thaliana genome has four nitrilase genes (NIT1 to NIT4), while tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) has only NIT4 homologs (TNIT4A and TNIT4B) and no NIT1 to

Transgenic tobacco plants expressing the Arabidopsis thaliana nitrilase II enzyme.

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Nitrilase (E.C. 3.5.5.1) cloned from Arabidopsis thaliana converts indole-3-acetonitrile to the plant growth hormone, indole-3-acetic acid in vitro. To probe the capacity of ths enzyme under physiological conditions in vivo, the cDNA PM255, encoding nitrilase II, was stably integrated into the

Indole-3-acetic acid is synthesized from L-tryptophan in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana.

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The promoter of the nit1 gene, encoding the predominantly expressed isoform of the Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. nitrilase isoenzyme family, fused to the beta-glucuronidase gene (uidA) drives beta-glucuronidase expression in the root system of transgenic A. thaliana and tobacco plants. This

Indole acetonitrile-sensitivity of transgenic tobacco containing Arabidopsis thaliana nitrilase genes.

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The Arabidopsis thaliana genome has four nitrilase (nitrile aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.5.1) genes (NIT1 to NIT4). These nitrilases catalyze hydrolysis of indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN) to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Growth of A. thaliana is inhibited by IAN probably due to hydrolysis of IAN to IAA, while

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