l ornithine/stroke

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Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Proliferation and Fate after White Matter Stroke in Juvenile and Adult Mice.

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The incidence of stroke in children is 2.4 per 100,000 person-years and results in long-term motor and cognitive disability. In ischemic stroke, white matter (WM) is frequently injured, but is relatively understudied compared to grey matter injury. Previous research suggests that the cellular

The cellular localization of the L-ornithine decarboxylase/polyamine system in normal and diseased central nervous systems.

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Natural polyamines, spermidine and spermine, and their precursor putrescine, are of considerable importance for the developing and mature nervous system. They exhibit a number of neurophysiological and metabolic effects in the nervous system, including control of nucleic acid and protein synthesis,

Age-dependent exacerbation of white matter stroke outcomes: a role for oxidative damage and inflammatory mediators.

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OBJECTIVE Subcortical white matter stroke (WMS) constitutes up to 30% of all stroke subtypes. Mechanisms of oligodendrocyte and axon injury and repair play a central role in the damage and recovery after this type of stroke, and a comprehensive study of these processes requires a specialized

Effectiveness of arginase inhibitors against experimentally induced stroke.

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Stroke is a lethal disease, but it disables more than it kills. Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the most frequent cause of permanent disability in adults worldwide, with 90% of survivors having residual deficits. The pathophysiology of stroke is complex and involves a strong

The essential role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation in insulin-mediated neuroprotection against ischemic stroke in diabetes.

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BACKGROUND Stroke patients with diabetes have a higher mortality rate, worse neurologic outcome, and more severe disability than those without diabetes. Results from clinical trials comparing the outcomes of stroke seen with intensive glycemic control in diabetic individuals are conflicting.

Statins inhibit neutrophil infiltration in skeletal muscle reperfusion injury.

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BACKGROUND Neutrophil infiltration is a major determinant of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Statins improve endothelial function by elevating nitric oxide synthase activity and inhibiting adhesion molecule expression and may, therefore, inhibit IRI-induced neutrophil extravasation. Although

L-NIO as a novel mechanism for inducing focal cerebral ischemia in the adult rat brain.

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BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is the most frequent cause of persistent neurological disability in Western societies. New treatment strategies are required and effective in vivo models are crucial to their development. METHODS The current study establishes a novel in vivo rat model of focal striatal

Effect of selective inhibitors of nitric oxide synthesis on the course of experimental hemorrhagic shock.

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Selective inhibitors of NO synthesis (derivatives of lysine, ornithine, and isothiourea) increased the efficiency of infusion therapy for experimental hemorrhagic shock in rats. These changes were related to improvement of cardiac function (increase in stroke volume, cardiac output, and left

Is the Arginase Pathway a Novel Therapeutic Avenue for Diabetic Retinopathy?

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in working age Americans. Clinicians diagnose DR based on its characteristic vascular pathology, which is evident upon clinical exam. However, extensive research has shown that diabetes causes significant neurovascular dysfunction prior to

[New insights into arginase. Part II. Role in physiology and pathology].

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Arginase (amidinohydrolase, EC 3.5.3.1) is known as the last enzyme in the urea cycle in the liver, but it is also present in extrahepatic tissues. Arginase hydrolyzes L-arginine to L-ornithine and urea and its biochemical and physiological role varies depending on the organism and tissue. Besides

Facilitation of myocardial PI3K/Akt/nNOS signaling contributes to ethanol-evoked hypotension in female rats.

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BACKGROUND The mechanism by which ethanol reduces cardiac output (CO) and blood pressure (BP) in female rats remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that enhancement of myocardial phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling and related neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and/or

Morphological and physiological study of the cardiac NOS/NO system in the Antarctic (Hb-/Mb-) icefish Chaenocephalus aceratus and in the red-blooded Trematomus bernacchii.

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The nitric oxide synthase (NOS)/nitric oxide (NO) system integrates cellular biochemical machinery and energetics. In heart microenvironment, dynamic NO behaviour depends upon the presence of superoxide anions, haemoglobin (Hb), and myoglobin (Mb), being hemoproteins are major players disarming NO

The role of polyamines in protein-dependent hypoxic tolerance of Drosophila.

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BACKGROUND Chronic hypoxia is a major component of ischemic diseases such as stroke or myocardial infarction. Drosophila is more tolerant to hypoxia than most mammalian species. It is considered as a useful model organism to identify new mechanisms of hypoxic tolerance. The hypoxic tolerance of

dl-3n-butylphthalide reduces oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced endothelial cell damage by increasing PGC-1α.

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Animal experiments verified that dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) can protect vascular endothelial cells from ischemic damage and promote vascular proliferation in ischemic stroke treatment, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully clarified. This study aimed to investigate the

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