lignin/necrosis

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Low molecular weight lignin suppresses activation of NF-kappaB and HIV-1 promoter.

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a cytopathic retrovirus and the primary etiological agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and related disorders. In cells chronically infected with HIV-1, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation by external stimuli such as tumor

Secretion of TNF-alpha from macrophages following induction with a lignin derivative.

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Macrophages derived from rat bone marrow were treated with macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) to obtain a sufficient number of cells for the tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) assay. The present study has been designed to investigate whether the production of TNF-alpha, which induces

Modulation of interleukin-8 and nitric oxide synthase mRNA levels by interferon-gamma in macrophages stimulated with lignin derivatives and lipopolysaccharides.

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It has been shown that interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) plays a role in the regulation of interleukin-8 (IL-8), nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) secretion by macrophages stimulated with lignin derivatives, such as EP3, and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) [Cytokine 11 (1999) 571].

DNA microarray analysis of signaling pathway in macrophages stimulated by lignin-carbohydrate complex from lentinus edodes mycelia (LEM) extract.

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In order to investigate the action point of lignin-carbohydrate complex (Fr4) from Lentinus edodes mycelia extract, DNA microarray analysis was performed, using mouse macrophage-like J774.1 cells. Among seven lignin-carbohydrate complex fractions, Fr4 showed the highest stimulatory activity of tumor

Anti-HIV and immunomodulation activities of cacao mass lignin-carbohydrate complex.

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BACKGROUND Recently, a prominent antiviral and macrophage stimulatory activity of cacao lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC) has been reported. However, the solubility and sterility of LCC have not been considered yet. In the present study, complete solubilisation and sterilisation was achieved by

In vitro cytotoxicity studies of industrial Eucalyptus kraft lignins on mouse hepatoma, melanoma and Chinese hamster ovary cells.

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Kraft lignin is a polyphenolic compound generated as a by-product from the kraft pulping process in large quantities annually worldwide. In addition to its commercial availability, its structural features make it worth to be considered in the pharmaceutical area. The present study was carried out to

Secoiridoids from the Seed of Gonocaryum calleryanum and Their Inhibitory Potential on LPS-Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor and Nitric Oxide Production.

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Three new secoiridoid constituents, goncarin A−C (1⁻3), and a new derivative, goncarin A monoacetate (4), along with two known lignins, pinoresinol (5) and paulownin (6), were isolated from the seed of Gonocaryum calleryanum (Baill.) Becc. The structures of the new metabolites were determined

Antitumor, antiviral and immunopotentiating activities of pine cone extracts: potential medicinal efficacy of natural and synthetic lignin-related materials (review).

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Several antitumor substances that effectively inhibited the growth of ascites and solid tumor cells transplanted in mice were isolated from pine cone NaOH extract by acid- and ethanol-precipitation. These antitumor substances were also potent antiviral agents against human immunodeficiency virus,

Systemic Hypersensitive Resistance to Turnip mosaic virus in Brassica juncea is Associated With Multiple Defense Responses, Especially Phloem Necrosis and Xylem Occlusion.

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Systemic hypersensitive resistance (SHR) caused by Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) was studied by light microscopy and histochemical analysis in stem cross sections of Brassica juncea (Indian mustard) plants. Ten TuMV isolates were inoculated to leaves of susceptible line JM 06006, cv. Oasis CI, which

Lignin metabolism involves Botrytis cinerea BcGs1- induced defense response in tomato.

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BACKGROUND BcGs1, a cell wall-degrading enzyme (CWDE), was originally derived from Botrytis cinerea. Our previous study revealed that BcGs1 could trigger defense responses and protect plants against various pathogens. We researched the defense response mechanism underlying this BcGs1 elicitation in

Experimental evidence for heat plume-induced cavitation and xylem deformation as a mechanism of rapid post-fire tree mortality.

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Recent work suggests that hydraulic mechanisms, rather than cambium necrosis, may account for rapid post-fire tree mortality. We experimentally tested for xylem cavitation, as a result of exposure to high-vapour-deficit (D) heat plumes, and permanent xylem deformation, as a result of thermal

Induction of endogenous tnf production by biological response modifiers and bacterial preparations.

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This review summarizes experiments on the endogenous induction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in mice by various biological response modifiers and bacterial preparations, such as heat-killed Streptococcus pyogenes (OK-432) or Lactobacillus casei (LC). Intravenous administration of OK-432 or LC

Suppression of the hypersensitive response in wheat stem rust interaction by reagents with affinity for wheat plasma membrane galactoconjugates.

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The growth of the wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici, race 32) on the resistant wheat cultivar Feldkrone is restricted by cell necrosis. Those epidermal cells first invaded react hypersensitively as is shown by the appearance of autofluorescence and the formation of lignin in the

meso-Dihydroguaiaretic acid attenuates airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in an ovalbumin-induced murine model of asthma.

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meso-Dihydroguaiaretic acid (MDGA), which is a dibenzylbutane lignin isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Saururus chinensis, has various biological activities, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and neuroprotective effects. However, no report has examined the

Arctigenin protects focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats through inhibiting neuroinflammation.

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Stroke is the third leading cause of death in industrialized countries and the most important cause of acquired adult disability. Many evidences suggest that inflammation accounts for the progression of cerebral ischemic injury. Arctigenin, a phenylpropanoid dibenzylbutyrolactone lignin isolated

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