mangifera/hypoxia

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Bark and woody tissue photosynthesis: a means to avoid hypoxia or anoxia in developing stem tissues

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In woody plants, oxygen transport and delivery via the xylem sap are well described, but the contribution of bark and woody tissue photosynthesis to oxygen delivery in stems is poorly understood. Here, we combined stem chlorophyll fluorescence measurements with microsensor quantifications of bark O2

Nitric oxide metabolites in hypoxia, freezing, and hibernation of the wood frog, Rana sylvatica.

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Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous free radical that in diverse organisms performs many signaling and protective functions, such as vasoregulation, inhibition of apoptosis, antioxidation, and metabolic suppression. Increased availability of NO may be especially important during life-history periods when

Transcript expression of the freeze responsive gene fr10 in Rana sylvatica during freezing, anoxia, dehydration, and development.

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Freeze tolerance is a critical winter survival strategy for the wood frog, Rana sylvatica. In response to freezing, a number of genes are upregulated to facilitate the survival response. This includes fr10, a novel freeze-responsive gene first identified in R. sylvatica. This study analyzes the

The role of MEF2 transcription factors in dehydration and anoxia survival in Rana sylvatica skeletal muscle.

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The wood frog (Rana sylvatica) can endure freezing of up to 65% of total body water during winter. When frozen, wood frogs enter a dormant state characterized by a cessation of vital functions (i.e., no heartbeat, blood circulation, breathing, brain activity, or movement). Wood frogs utilize various

Regulation of cell cycle components during exposure to anoxia or dehydration stress in the wood frog, Rana sylvatica.

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The wood frog (Rana sylvatica) exhibits a well-developed natural anoxia and dehydration tolerance. The degree of stress tolerance depends on numerous biochemical adaptations, including stress-induced hypometabolism that helps to preserve long-term viability by reducing ATP demand. We hypothesized

Regulation of the Rana sylvatica brevinin-1SY antimicrobial peptide during development and in dorsal and ventral skin in response to freezing, anoxia and dehydration.

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Brevinin-1SY is the only described antimicrobial peptide (AMP) of Rana sylvatica. As AMPs are important innate immune molecules that inhibit microbes, this study examined brevinin-1SY regulation during development and in adult frogs in response to environmental stress. The brevinin-1SY nucleotide

Osmolyte regulation by TonEBP/NFAT5 during anoxia-recovery and dehydration-rehydration stresses in the freeze-tolerant wood frog (Rana sylvatica).

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BACKGROUND The wood frog, Rana sylvatica, tolerates freezing as a means of winter survival. Freezing is considered to be an ischemic/anoxic event in which oxygen delivery is significantly impaired. In addition, cellular dehydration occurs during freezing because water is lost to extracellular

Metabolic reorganization in winter: Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) during long-term freezing and anoxia.

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Wood frogs, Rana sylvatica, can undergo prolonged periods of whole body freezing during winter, locking as much as 65-70% of total body water into extracellular ice and imposing both anoxia and dehydration on their cells. Metabolic rate depression (MRD) is an adaptation used by R. sylvatica to

Second messenger and cAMP-dependent protein kinase responses to dehydration and anoxia stresses in frogs.

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The effects of whole body dehydration (up to 40% of total body water lost) or anoxia exposure (up to 2 days under N2 gas) at 5 degrees C on tissue levels of adenosine 3'-5' cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and the percentage of cAMP-dependent protein kinase present as the free catalytic subunit (PKAc),

Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 expression responds to freezing, anoxia, and dehydration stresses in the freeze tolerant wood frog, Rana sylvatica.

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Natural freezing survival by wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) involves multiple organ-specific changes in gene expression. Screening of a cDNA library made from brain of frozen frogs revealed freeze-responsive up-regulation of the glycolytic enzyme, phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1). Northern blots showed

Up-regulation of acidic ribosomal phosphoprotein P0 in response to freezing or anoxia in the freeze tolerant wood frog, Rana sylvatica.

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Natural freezing survival by the wood frog, Rana sylvatica, involves multiple organ-specific, freeze-responsive changes in gene expression. The present study provides the first report of freeze-responsive genes in brain. Differential screening of a cDNA library made from brain of frozen wood frogs

In defense of proteins: Chaperones respond to freezing, anoxia, or dehydration stress in tissues of freeze tolerant wood frogs.

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Wood frogs (Rana sylvatica LeConte) are the major model for studies of natural freeze tolerance by ectothermic vertebrates. Multiple biochemical adaptations support winter freezing survival but, to date, the protective role of chaperone proteins has received little attention. The present study

Anti-apoptotic response during anoxia and recovery in a freeze-tolerant wood frog (Rana sylvatica).

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The common wood frog, Rana sylvatica, utilizes freeze tolerance as a means of winter survival. Concealed beneath a layer of leaf litter and blanketed by snow, these frogs withstand subzero temperatures by allowing approximately 65-70% of total body water to freeze. Freezing is generally considered

Glucose and urea metabolic enzymes are differentially phosphorylated during freezing, anoxia, and dehydration exposures in a freeze tolerant frog.

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Vertebrate freeze tolerance requires multiple adaptations underpinned by specialized biochemistry. Freezing of extracellular water leads to intracellular dehydration as pure water is incorporated into growing ice crystals and also results in the cessation of blood supply to tissues, creating an

Regulation of antioxidant systems in response to anoxia and reoxygenation in Rana sylvatica.

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The wood frog (Rana sylvatica) is a remarkable species. These frogs can endure prolonged oxygen deprivation as well as dehydration to ~60% of total body water lost and, combining these two abilities, they survive whole body freezing for weeks at a time during the winter. Episodes of

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