narcolepsy/hypoxia

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Retrognathia and sleep apnea. A life-threatening condition masquerading as narcolepsy.

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The association of sleep apnea with daytime hypersomnolence without obesity, and its potentially lethal cardiopulmonary sequelae, make it crucial that this condition be distinguished from narcolepsy. A patient with retrognathia who had been diagnosed as a narcoleptic for 15 years had the primary

Disorders of excessive sleepiness: narcolepsy and hypersomnia.

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Besides sleep apnea, the main disorders of excessive daytime sleepiness include narcolepsy and hypersomnia. Narcolepsy is characterized by periods of irresistible sleepiness and sleep attacks of brief duration and, most often, by one or more of the auxiliary symptoms: cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and

Respiratory regulation in narcolepsy.

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BACKGROUND Narcolepsy is a debilitating sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy and intrusive REM sleep. Deficits in endogenous orexins are a major pathogenic component of the disease. This disorder is also associated with the gene marker, HLADQB1*0602. An increased

Disharmony between wake- and respiration-promoting activities: effects of modafinil on ventilatory control in rodents.

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Modafinil is a wake-promoting drug and has been widely used for daytime sleepiness in patients with narcolepsy and other sleep disorders. A recent case series reported that daily oral modafinil alleviated hypercapnic respiratory failure in patients with COPD. However, the precise action of modafinil

[Paroxysmal disorders and episodic non-epileptic symptoms].

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BACKGROUND Non epileptic paroxysmal events (NEPE) are clinical disorders of usually sudden appearance, brief and originated by a cerebral disfunction of diverse causes with a common character to be no epileptic. METHODS The non epileptic paroxysmal events are more frequent than epileptic events. The

[Sleep-apnea syndrome. Elucidation, therapy and course].

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Of 22 patients investigated for sleep disorders, habitual snoring and/or daytime hypersomnolence, 12(10 men) had obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). 3 OSAS were mild, 5 moderate and 4 severe. The leading symptoms were daytime hypersomnolence and habitual snoring. As risk factors we found

[Sleepiness, continuous positive airway pressure and the obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome].

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Excessive daytime sleepiness is a major symptom in cases of the obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Most often, it is vastly improved by treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The most effective way to confirm its disappearance is through wakefulness maintenance testing.

Prevalence and Phenotype of Sleep Disorders in 60 Adults With Prader-Willi Syndrome.

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Excessive sleepiness is a common symptom in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), and it negatively impacts the quality of life. Obstructive sleep apnea and narcolepsy phenotypes have been reported in PWS. We characterized sleep disorders in a large cohort of adults with PWS. All consecutive patients with

Agonist-induced activation of histamine H3 receptor signals to extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 through PKC-, PLD-, and EGFR-dependent mechanisms.

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The histamine H3 receptor (H3R), abundantly expressed in the central and the peripheral nervous system, has been recognized as a promising target for the treatment of various important CNS diseases including narcolepsy, Alzheimer's disease, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The H3R acts

Sleep in children with neoplasms of the central nervous system: case review of 14 children.

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OBJECTIVE Sleep is a complex neurologic process that is generated by and primarily benefits the brain. Sleep can be disrupted by a wide range of brain injuries, many of which may occur in children with neoplasms of the central nervous system (CNS). The specific sleep problems that have been

[Non-epileptic seizures].

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Following definition of the non-epileptic seizures terminological problems are discussed and the symptomatology and classification of these seizures are described. Four main groups are differentiated: anoxic cerebral seizures, hypnic cerebral seizures, metabolic cerebral seizures and psychic

Persistent sleepiness in CPAP treated obstructive sleep apnea patients: evaluation and treatment.

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Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective treatment for most patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), improving sleepiness, cognitive function and mood. A number of patients, however, complain about persistent sleepiness after CPAP. In these cases another

Sleep biology updates: Hemodynamic and autonomic control in sleep disorders.

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Sleep disorders like obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, periodic limb movements in sleep syndrome, insomnia and narcolepsy-cataplexy are all associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. These disorders share an impaired autonomic nervous system regulation that leads to increased

Control of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems during sleep.

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Sleep and arousal from sleep are associated with profound changes in cardiovascular and respiratory functions. Fluctuations of arterial blood pressure (ABP), heart rate (HR), and respiration occur both during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and REM sleep and during transitions between sleep and

Nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. A clinical and polygraphic overview of 100 consecutive cases.

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Nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE) has been delineated as a distinct syndrome in the heterogeneous group of paroxysmal sleep-related disturbances. The variable duration and intensity of the seizures distinguish three non-rapid eye movement-related subtypes: paroxysmal arousals, characterized by

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