pediatric obesity/atrophy

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Hippocampal neural cell degeneration and memory deficit in high-fat diet-induced postnatal obese rats- exploring the comparable benefits of choline and DHA or environmental enrichment

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Purpose: Childhood obesity increases risk for neural dysfunctions causing learning and memory deficits. The objective of the study is to identify the effects of high fat diet-induced obesity in postnatal period on serum lipids, memory and neural cell survival in hippocampus and compare the

Elevated α-Hydroxybutyrate and Branched-Chain Amino Acid Levels Predict Deterioration of Glycemic Control in Adolescents.

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Traditional risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus are weak predictors of changes in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in youth. To identify early metabolic features of insulin resistance (IR) in youth and whether they predict deterioration of glycemic control. A cross-sectional and

Alanine aminotransferase levels and fatty liver in childhood obesity: associations with insulin resistance, adiponectin, and visceral fat.

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BACKGROUND Concurrent with the rise in obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is recognized as the leading cause of serum aminotransferase elevations in obese youth. Nevertheless, the complete metabolic phenotype associated with abnormalities in biomarkers of liver injury and intrahepatic fat

Mutations in ALMS1 cause obesity, type 2 diabetes and neurosensory degeneration in Alström syndrome.

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Alström syndrome is a homogeneous autosomal recessive disorder that is characterized by childhood obesity associated with hyperinsulinemia, chronic hyperglycemia and neurosensory deficits. The gene involved in Alström syndrome probably interacts with genetic modifiers, as subsets of affected

Association of meibomian gland architecture and body mass index in a pediatric population

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Purpose: To determine if meibomian gland architecture in a pediatric population is impacted by body mass index (BMI). Methods: Prospective evaluation of 175 eyes of 175

Contributions of a high-fat diet to Alzheimer's disease-related decline: A longitudinal behavioural and structural neuroimaging study in mouse models.

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Obesity is recognized as a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies have supported that obesity accelerates AD-related pathophysiology and memory impairment in mouse models of AD. However, the nature of the brain structure-behaviour relationship mediating this acceleration

Morphological and functional findings in Alström syndrome: a study of two families.

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Alström syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by mutations to the ALMS1 gene and clinical findings of childhood obesity, diabetes mellitus, dilated cardiomyopathy, sensorineural hearing loss, and progressive cone-rod dystrophy, which may result in blindness. Ocular manifestations occur in the

Homozygosity mapping at Alström syndrome to chromosome 2p.

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Alström syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by pigmentary retinal degeneration, sensorineural hearing loss, childhood obesity, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and chronic nephropathy. Features occasionally observed include acanthosis nigricans,

Spectrum of ALMS1 variants and evaluation of genotype-phenotype correlations in Alström syndrome.

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Alström syndrome is a monogenic recessive disorder featuring an array of clinical manifestations, with systemic fibrosis and multiple organ involvement, including retinal degeneration, hearing loss, childhood obesity, diabetes mellitus, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), urological dysfunction, and

Retinal vessel abnormalities as a possible biomarker of brain volume loss in obese adolescents.

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OBJECTIVE Endothelial dysfunction in childhood obesity may precede cerebrovascular damage and cognitive impairment in adulthood. A noninvasive proxy of microvascular health is required to identify the risk for microvascular damage in obese children. METHODS The associations of hippocampal volumes

Familial Alström syndrome: a rare cause of bilateral progressive hearing loss.

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Alström Syndrome is a rare disease caused by mutations in ALMS1 gene. It is characterized by a progressive degeneration of sensory functions, resulting in visual and audiological impairment, as well as metabolic disturbances such as childhood obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and diabetes mellitus type

Evolution of maximal oxygen uptake in children.

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Evidence exists that physiologic aerobic fitness, defined by maximal oxygen uptake related to body mass (VO2 x kg-1), bears health implications for children as well as adults. Identifying secular trends in VO2max x kg-1 is important, then, in assessing the impact of socio-cultural influences on

Presentation and course of diabetes in children and adolescents with Alstrom syndrome.

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Alstrom syndrome is characterized by childhood obesity, progressive retinal degeneration, and sensorineural hearing loss with diabetes mellitus (DM) developing later in childhood and adulthood. The course of diabetes in children with this condition has not been described. We aim to describe the

Is arterial stiffening in Alström syndrome linked to the development of cardiomyopathy?

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BACKGROUND Alström syndrome (AS) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by retinal degeneration, childhood obesity, and severe insulin resistance. Dilated cardiomyopathy of unknown aetiology is a well-recognized and potentially lethal complication. The aim of this study was to

Basic indicators of child health in an urban area in southern Brazil: estimating prevalence rates and evaluating differentials.

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare basic indicators of the health of children under 5 years old in the urban area of Rio Grande, RS, Brazil, for 1995 and 2004. METHODS Two cross-sectional population studies were carried out in the city. Interviewers were previously trained and applied standardized

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