phenylacetate/obesity

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Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase activity and oxidative stress status in children with metabolic syndrome.

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OBJECTIVE This study aimed to measure paraoxonase/arylesterase activities and to evaluate the total oxidant and antioxidant capacities in obese children and in children with metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS A total of 151 children of comparable ages (13.23±1.96 years, 13.45±1.85 years and

Association between p.Leu54Met polymorphism at the paraoxonase-1 gene and plantar fascia thickness in young subjects with type 1 diabetes.

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OBJECTIVE In type 1 diabetes, plantar fascia, a collagen-rich tissue, is susceptible to glycation and oxidation. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an HDL-bound antioxidant enzyme. PON1 polymorphisms have been associated with susceptibility to macro- and microvascular complications. We investigated the

Activity of the antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase in Argentinean children living at high altitude.

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BACKGROUND Children living at high altitude in San Antonio de los Cobres (SAC), Argentina, were shown to have lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels than Buenos Aires (BA) children. HDL antioxidant capacity is mainly attributed to paraoxonase1 (PON1). OBJECTIVE To compare PON1

Protein, fat, and carbohydrate requirements during starvation: anaplerosis and cataplerosis.

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The purpose of this work was to clarify the essentiality of glucose production from amino acids in obese subjects undergoing prolonged starvation and to provide an explanation for death after the depletion of lean body mass when some body fat is still available to meet body energy requirements. Five

Dietary Intervention Reverses Fatty Liver and Altered Gut Microbiota during Early-Life Undernutrition

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), largely studied as a condition of overnutrition, also presents in undernourished populations. Like NAFLD, undernutrition disrupts systemic metabolism and has been linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis. Indeed, chronic exposures to fecal microbes contribute to

Protein kinase C modulates insulin action in human skeletal muscle.

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There is good evidence from cell lines and rodents that elevated protein kinase C (PKC) overexpression/activity causes insulin resistance. Therefore, the present study determined the effects of PKC activation/inhibition on insulin-mediated glucose transport in incubated human skeletal muscle and

Type 2 Diabetes Metabolic Improvement After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass May Include A Compensatory Mechanism That Balances Fatty Acid β and ω Oxidation

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Background: More than half patients underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) can experience type 2 diabetes (T2D) remission, but the systemic and gastrointestinal metabolic mechanisms of this improvement are still elusive.

The gut microbiota metabolite indole alleviates liver inflammation in mice.

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The gut microbiota regulates key hepatic functions, notably through the production of bacterial metabolites that are transported via the portal circulation. We evaluated the effects of metabolites produced by the gut microbiota from aromatic amino acids (phenylacetate, benzoate, p-cresol, and

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