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Procyanidin induces apoptosis and necrosis of prostate cancer cell line PC-3 in a mitochondrion-dependent manner.

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Our objective was to study the effects of procyanidin on the cell death of human hormone-resistant prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3 and its mechanism. PC-3 cells were treated with procyanidin of different concentrations. The cell apoptosis rates were detected by annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide

Effect of dietary supplementation of procyanidin on growth performance and immune response in pigs.

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This study was performed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of procyanidin on growth performance, blood characteristics, and immune function in growing pigs. In experiment 1 (Exp. 1), thirty-two crossbred pigs with an initial BW of 19.2±0.3 kg were allocated into 4 treatments for an

Immune effects of cocoa procyanidin oligomers on peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

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There has been considerable work on the relationships between nutrition and the immune response, particularly on studies that have focused on adaptive responses. There is increasing recognition of the importance of innate immunity in host protection and initiation of cytokine networks. In this

The procyanidin trimer C1 inhibits LPS-induced MAPK and NF-κB signaling through TLR4 in macrophages.

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Natural products and dietary components rich in polyphenols have been shown to reduce inflammation; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this anti-inflammatory activity are not completely characterized, and many features remain to be elucidated. This research was carried out to clarify the

Neuroprotective effects of lotus seedpod procyanidins on extremely low frequency electromagnetic field-induced neurotoxicity in primary cultured hippocampal neurons.

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The present study investigated the protective effects of lotus seedpod procyanidins (LSPCs) on extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF)-induced neurotoxicity in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons and the underlying molecular mechanism. The results of MTT, morphological

Anti-inflammatory effects of the butanolic fraction of Byrsonima verbascifolia leaves: Mechanisms involving inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha, prostaglandin E(2) production and migration of polymorphonuclear leucocyte in vivo experimentation.

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The leaves of Byrsonima verbascifolia (Malpighiaceae) are traditionally used to treat various diseases including inflammatory conditions. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the polar constituents from the butanolic fraction of B. verbascifolia

Hepatoprotective Effects of Grape Seed Procyanidin B2 in Rats With Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hepatic Fibrosis.

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BACKGROUND Infectious hepatitis is a serious problem affecting millions of people worldwide, particularly in China and other developing countries, and it is the major risk factor for hepatic cirrhosis. To date, the pathogenesis of hepatic cirrhosis is complex and unclear. Traditional Chinese

Procyanidin B3 alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration via interaction with the TLR4/MD-2 complex.

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As a chronic musculoskeletal degeneration disease, intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has been identified as a crucial cause for low back pain. This condition has a prevalence of 80% among adults without effective preventative therapy. Procyanidin B3 (Pro-B3) is a procyanidin dimer, which is

Grape seed procyanidin extract reduces the endotoxic effects induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats.

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Acute inflammation is a response to injury, infection, tissue damage, or shock. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin implicated in triggering sepsis and septic shock, and LPS promotes the inflammatory response, resulting in the secretion of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory

The procyanidin trimer C1 induces macrophage activation via NF-κB and MAPK pathways, leading to Th1 polarization in murine splenocytes.

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Numerous studies have shown various relationships between foods with a high nutritional value and a robust immune response, particularly studies that have focused on host protection and cytokine networks. This study aimed to clarify the role played by the procyanidin trimer C1 in innate and adaptive

Dimeric procyanidins are inhibitors of NF-kappaB-DNA binding.

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Given the central role of the transcription factor NF-kappaB in inflammation, molecules that can inhibit NF-kappaB are being actively investigated. The present work characterize potential interactions between dimeric procyanidins [B-type (B1 and B2) and A-type (A1 and A2)] and NF-kappaB proteins. B1

Procyanidin Compound (PC) Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cervical Cancer Cell Proliferation Through Blocking the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway.

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Evidence suggested that procyanidin compound (PC) could inhibit the progression of cervical cancer (CC); however, the mechanism still remains unclear. We aimed to study the potential mechanism of PC acting on CC cells.After a 24 hr incubation of

Dietary supplementation with procyanidin-rich Pinus pinaster extract is associated with attenuated Ehrlich tumor development in mice.

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Inflammation and oxidative stress are related to cancer initiation and progression. We hypothesized that dietary supplementation with a procyanidin-rich Pinus pinaster extract (Pyc) with known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects could induce systemic protection, thereby attenuating tumor

Modulation of TNF-alpha secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by cocoa flavanols and procyanidins.

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Epidemiological reports have suggested that the consumption of foods rich in flavonoids is associated with a lower incidence of certain degenerative diseases, including cardiovascular disease. Flavanols and their related oligomers, the procyanidins CFP, isolated from cocoa can modulate the

TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB activation and cell oxidant production are modulated by hexameric procyanidins in Caco-2 cells.

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Hexameric procyanidins inhibit TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB activation in Caco-2 cells. Most of the physiological actions of high molecular weight procyanidins could be limited to the gut lumen. Transcription factor NF-kappaB plays a central role in inflammation including human intestinal bowel

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