sepsis/triglyceride

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Apolipoprotein A-V is not a major determinant of triglyceride levels during human sepsis.

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OBJECTIVE During critical illnesses, alterations in lipid metabolism occur. We examined levels of apolipoprotein A-V, a novel regulator of triglyceride metabolism, during sepsis in humans. METHODS Seventy-five cases of sepsis and 75 cases of acute illnesses not associated with infection were

Medium-chain triglyceride-based fat emulsions: an alternative energy supply in stress and sepsis.

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Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) and medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) have special physicochemical properties such as small molecular weight, small interfacial tension against water, and for the fatty acids, solubility in biological fluids. As a result the metabolic pathways followed by these fats

Fat emulsions containing medium chain triglycerides in patients with sepsis syndrome: effects on pulmonary hemodynamics and gas exchange.

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Fat emulsions containing medium chain triglycerides (MCT) have recently been introduced into clinical practice as a component of total parenteral nutrition. Since several authors reported increased pulmonary artery pressure and impaired gas exchange during intravenous (i.v.) fat use, in particular

Sequential alterations in tissue lipoprotein lipase, triglyceride secretion rates, and serum tumor necrosis factor alpha during Escherichia coli bacteremic sepsis in relation to the development of hypertriglyceridemia.

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The time sequence and the mechanisms leading to the development of the hypertriglyceridemia of bacteremic sepsis are not fully understood. This study was conducted to determine the mechanisms leading to the early rise in serum triglycerides (TG). Bacteremic sepsis was induced in fasted and

Serum triglyceride elevations in patients with septicemia.

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Among 239 patients with septicemia or endocarditis 41 (17%) had serum triglyceride levels in excess of 2.2 mmol/l (mean 3.1 mmol/l). This was more common in infectious with gram-negative rods than gram-positive cocci (p less than 0.001). A return to normal levels occurred in 22/37 patients during

Altered Metabolic Profile of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins in Gut-Lymph of Rodent Models of Sepsis and Gut Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

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Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are important in dietary lipid absorption and subsequent energy distribution in the body. Their importance in the gut-lymph may have been overlooked in sepsis, the most common cause of critical illness, and in gut ischemia-reperfusion injury, a common feature of many

Pigment epithelium-derived factor regulates microvascular permeability through adipose triglyceride lipase in sepsis.

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The integrity of the vascular barrier, which is essential to blood vessel homoeostasis, can be disrupted by a variety of soluble permeability factors during sepsis. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a potent endogenous anti-angiogenic molecule, is significantly increased in sepsis, but its

The lipemia of sepsis: triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as agents of innate immunity.

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Bacterial endotoxin (LPS) elicits dramatic responses in the host including elevated plasma lipid levels due to the increased synthesis and secretion of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins by the liver, and the inhibition of lipoprotein lipase. This cytokine-induced hyperlipoproteinemia, clinically

Effect of sepsis on VLDL kinetics: responses in basal state and during glucose infusion.

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The effect of gram-negative sepsis on the kinetics and oxidation of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) fatty acids was assessed in conscious dogs in the normal state and 24 h after infusion of live Escherichia coli. VLDL, labeled with [2-3H]glycerol and [1-14C]palmitic acid, was used to trace VLDL

Effects of L-carnitine on serum triglyceride and cytokine levels in rat models of cachexia and septic shock.

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Inappropriate hepatic lipogenesis, hypertriglyceridaemia, decreased fatty acid oxidation and muscle protein wasting are common in patients with sepsis, cancer or AIDS. Given carnitine's role in the oxidation of fatty acids (FAs), we anticipated that carnitine might promote FA oxidation, thus

Plasma concentrations and tissue uptake of free amino acids in dogs in sepsis and starvation: effects of glucose infusion--some effects of low alimentation.

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The plasma concentrations of substrates, together with transhepatic and transgut balances, have been studied in six control and eight septic awake fasted dogs. Four severely ill septic dogs (typically fluid in chest and/or abdomen, extensive peritonitis, respiratory difficulties) had high

Clozapine-Induced Cardiotoxicity Presenting as Sepsis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

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Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic agent indicated in the treatment of medication-resistant schizophrenia. It is often reserved as a last line of treatment owing to the potential for serious and potentially life-threatening side effects, the most serious being agranulocytosis requiring close

Pathogenesis of the hyperlipidemia of Gram-negative bacterial sepsis may involve pathomorphological changes in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells.

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The Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common opportunistic pathogens, especially after liver transplantation. Pathophysiological alterations of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) have far-reaching repercussions on the liver and on metabolism. LSECs are

Dysregulation of Lipid Metabolism in Mkp-1 Deficient Mice during Gram-Negative Sepsis.

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Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase (Mkp)-1 exerts its anti-inflammatory activities during Gram-negative sepsis by deactivating p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). We have previously shown that Mkp-1^+/+ mice, but not Mkp-1^-/- mice, exhibit

Superoxide anion overproduction in sepsis: effects of vitamin e and simvastatin.

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Oxidative stress during sepsis induces tissue damage, leading to organ dysfunction and high mortality. The antioxidant effects of vitamin E have been reported in several diseases, but not in sepsis. Statins have cholesterol-independent anti-inflammatory effects that are related to a decrease of

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