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Salt addiction: a different kind of drug addiction.

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Under the headline "drug addiction" the medical world has exclusively been interested in psychoactive drugs. For diagnosis of substance dependence (addiction), DSM-IV-TR has determined seven criteria, and fulfilling at least tree of them signifies addiction. When studied salt intake according to

Blocking cannabinoid CB1 receptors for the treatment of nicotine dependence: insights from pre-clinical and clinical studies.

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Tobacco use is one of the leading preventable causes of death in developed countries. Since existing medications are only partially effective in treating tobacco smokers, there is a great need for improved medications for smoking cessation. It has been recently proposed that cannabinoid CB(1)

Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in a young female patient following marijuana intoxication--a case report of possible association.

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Marijuana is one of the most popular drugs legally admitted for general sale in many countries. To consider it safe and unlikely to develop drug dependence is abusive. The use of marijuana as a herbal medication is being widely discussed in literature. The most promising effect of

[Spontaneous reports on unwanted drug effects in the years 1978-1979].

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In 1978/1979 the Medicines Commission of the German Medical Profession received 5196 spontaneous reports on adverse drug reaction (ADRs) from physicians, manufacturers, intensive hospital monitoring and pharmacists. The total number of ADRs reported by the physicians was 1867. The symptoms mostly

Physical dependence on morphine induced in dogs via the use of miniosmotic pumps.

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The difference between the development of physical dependence on morphine administered via Alzet miniosmotic pumps as well as syringe injection (twice a day) at fixed times was examined in conscious dogs. Physical dependence was quantified by polygraphically measuring naloxone-precipitated

Post-gastrectomy problems in patients with personality defects: the "albatross" syndrome.

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Of a series of 130 patients undergoing operation for peptic ulcer disease at the Vancouver General Hospital, seven patients with personality defects had a disastrous outcome after operation.THE MAIN FEATURES OF THIS POSTGASTRECTOMY SYNDROME WERE REMARKABLY SIMILAR: persistent abdominal pain without

Overall safety profile and effectiveness of tramadol hydrochloride/acetaminophen in patients with chronic noncancer pain in Japanese real-world practice.

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the overall safety profile and clinical effectiveness of tramadol hydrochloride/acetaminophen (TA) combination tablets in Japanese patients with chronic noncancer pain unrelieved by non-opioid drugs for up to 12 weeks in real-world practice. METHODS This survey was a

Use of Fentanyl Patch for Treatment of Moderate-to-severe Chronic Noncancer Pain: Postmarketing Surveillance of Medical Practice in Japan Using a Risk Minimization Action Plan.

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The purpose of this study was to discuss the safety, treatment profile, and clinical effectiveness of 12-month treatment with fentanyl patch (FP), a strong opioid, in medical practice in Japan under the risk minimization action plan (RMAP). Patients with moderate-to-severe chronic noncancer pain who

Efficacy and safety of controlled-release oxycodone for the management of moderate-to-severe chronic low back pain in Japan: results of an enriched enrollment randomized withdrawal study followed by an open-label extension study.

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Oxycodone is one of the options for the management of CLBP in patients with an inadequate response to other analgesics. However, oxycodone is not yet approved for noncancer pain in Japan. Here, we assessed the efficacy and long-term safety of S-8117, a controlled-release oxycodone

Efficacy And Safety Of Controlled-Release Oxycodone For The Management Of Moderate-To-Severe Chronic Non-Cancer Pain In Japanese Patients: Results From An Open-Label Study.

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To assess the efficacy and safety of S-8117, an oral, controlled-release formulation of oxycodone hydrochloride, in Japanese patients with chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP).In this multicenter, non-randomized, open-label, 2-part (part 1, dose-titration

[Buprenorphine transdermal patch (Norspan tape)].

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Buprenorphine is a chemically synthesized opioid characterized as the partial mu agonist and kappa antagonist, and transdermal buprenorphine patch will be considered useful as a strong analgesic with fewer psychological side effects in the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain. Use of transdermal

Glial Attenuation With Ibudilast in the Treatment of Medication Overuse Headache: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial of Efficacy and Safety.

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BACKGROUND Medication overuse headache (MOH) is a condition bordering between a chronic pain condition and a substance dependence disorder. Activation of immunocompetent glial cells in the central nervous system has been linked to both pathological pain and drug addiction/reward. Preclinically,

[Pharmacokinetics of PF-402, sustained-release morphine capsule, in cancer patients with pain].

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A once-daily dose of PF-402 60 mg and twice-daily doses of sustained-release morphine sulfate tablets (MSC) 30 mg were repeatedly administered in cancer patients in a cross-over design. Their plasma concentrations were measured, and the pharmacokinetics of PF-402 and MSC were compared. A total of 7

Triple arginines as molecular determinants for pentameric assembly of the intracellular domain of 5-HT3A receptors.

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Serotonin type 3 receptors (5-HT₃Rs) are cation-conducting pentameric ligand-gated ion channels and members of the Cys-loop superfamily in eukaryotes. 5-HT₃Rs are found in the peripheral and central nervous system, and they are targets for drugs used to treat anxiety, drug

Treatment of cancer pain in Norway. A questionnaire study.

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A questionnaire study was performed in order to clarify knowledge and practice of cancer pain treatment in Norway: a 10% random sample of Norwegian physicians received a questionnaire. Of 800 correctly addressed questionnaires, 549 were returned and 306 were analyzed after exclusion of those doctors

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