superinfection/nicotine

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A coat-independent superinfection exclusion rapidly imposed in Nicotiana benthamiana cells by tobacco mosaic virus is not prevented by depletion of the movement protein.

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New evidence is emerging which indicates that population variants in plant virus infections are not uniformly distributed along the plant, but structured in a mosaic-like pattern due to limitation to the superinfection imposed by resident viral clones. The mechanisms that prevent the infection of a

Fluorescent labelling of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus and Beet soil-borne mosaic virus for co- and superinfection experiments in Nicotiana benthamiana.

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Infectious full-length clones of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and Beet soil-borne mosaic virus (BSBMV), both genus Benyvirus, were used for fluorescent labelling with the objective to study their interaction in coinfection and superinfection experiments. Fluorescent labelling was achieved

iTRAQ-based protein analysis provides insight into heterologous superinfection exclusion with TMV-43A against CMV in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) plants

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Heterologous superinfection exclusion (HSE) is a phenomenon of an initial virus infection which prevents reinfection by a distantly related or unrelated challenger virus strain in the same host. Here, we demonstrate that a mild strain mutant of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV-43A) can protect Nicotiana

Superinfection by strains of tobacco streak virus.

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Double infection of tobacco protoplasts with brome mosaic virus and cowpea chlorotic mottle virus.

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Mixed infections of tobacco protoplasts with Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) and brome mosaic virus (BMV) have been studied. Fluorescent antibody staining showed that capsids of both viruses were made in doubly infected protoplasts but only infectious BMV could be recovered, i.e., BMV dominated

The specific involvement of coat protein in tobacco mosaic virus cross protection.

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Nicotiana sylvestris infected by strains of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) causing mosaic can be superinfected in the dark green leaf tissue, but not light green tissue, by necrotizing strains of TMV. The dark green tissue, however, is much less susceptible than healthy tissue, to some extent, even to

The Matrix Protein of a Plant Rhabdovirus Mediates Superinfection Exclusion by Inhibiting Viral Transcription.

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Superinfection exclusion (SIE) or cross-protection phenomena have been documented for plant viruses for nearly a century and are widespread among taxonomically diverse viruses, but little information is available about SIE of plant negative-strand RNA viruses. Here, we demonstrate that SIE by

Factors influencing the outcome of treatment of foot lesions in Nigerian patients with diabetes mellitus.

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A prospective cross-sectional study of 84 foot lesions in 50 diabetic patients was done in a Nigerian teaching hospital over a three-year period (1982-1984) to assess factors that may influence the choice of treatment and treatment outcome. Age, gender, duration of diabetes, mode of treatment of

[Lower lymphocyte response in severe cases of acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus].

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BACKGROUND Acute bronchiolitis (AB) of the infant has a serious outcome in 6-16% of the hospital admitted cases. Its pathogenesis and evolution is related to the response of the T lymphocytes. The objective of the present study is to determine if the lower systemic lymphocytic response is related to

Prevalence of Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in south-eastern Poland.

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OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of HPV and EBV in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in south-eastern Poland. The correlation between viral infection, OSCC, alcohol use, tobacco smoking, demographic data (gender, age, place of residence), anatomic location,

The multiplicity of infection of a plant virus varies during colonization of its eukaryotic host.

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The multiplicity of infection (MOI), i.e., the number of virus genomes that infect a cell, is a key parameter in virus evolution, as it determines processes such as genetic exchange among genomes, selection intensity on viral genes, epistatic interactions, and the evolution of multipartite viruses.

Single amino acid substitutions in the coat protein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase alleviated the virulence of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus and conferred cross protection against severe infection.

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Cross protection is a promising alternate to control Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) which is of increasing economic importance to cucurbit production worldwide. One major factor confronting the application of cross protection to control CGMMV is the scarcity of available mild mutants.

European S1 guideline for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa.

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Hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory, recurrent, debilitating skin disease of the hair follicle that usually presents after puberty with painful, deep-seated, inflamed lesions in the apocrine gland-bearing areas of the body, most commonly the axillae, inguinal and

Systemic antimicrobials in the treatment of chronic periodontal diseases: a dilemma.

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The use of systemic antimicrobials in the treatment of acute and chronic periodontal diseases must be viewed as a dilemma. On the one hand, the approach is attractive because of the microbial nature of periodontal diseases but, on the other hand, evidence of benefit of these agents is equivocal for

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