vaginitis/protease

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Levels of vaginal secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor are decreased in women with lower reproductive tract infections.

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OBJECTIVE Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor contributes resistance to primary human immunodeficiency virus infection in the oral cavity. However, the levels of this inhibitor in the genital tract of women with sexually transmitted diseases or vaginitis are not well described. The objective was

In vitro anti-inflammatory potential of phloretin microemulsion as a new formulation for prospective treatment of vaginitis.

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Phloretin is a promising polyphenolic compound known for its anti-inflammatory properties, but its poor solubility and low bioavailability hinder its clinical applicability. Till current date, its potential in the treatment of vaginitis has not been explored, and only very few papers reported its

Secretory Aspartyl Proteinases Cause Vaginitis and Can Mediate Vaginitis Caused by Candida albicans in Mice.

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Vaginal inflammation (vaginitis) is the most common disease caused by the human-pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. Secretory aspartyl proteinases (Sap) are major virulence traits of C. albicans that have been suggested to play a role in vaginitis. To dissect the mechanisms by which Sap play this

Bacterial Vaginosis and Subclinical Markers of Genital Tract Inflammation and Mucosal Immunity.

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Bacterial vaginosis (BV) has been linked to an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition and transmission in observational studies, but the underlying biological mechanisms are unknown. We measured biomarkers of subclinical vaginal inflammation, endogenous antimicrobial

Biotyping and virulence properties of skin isolates of Candida parapsilosis.

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The biotype and virulence of skin isolates of Candida parapsilosis were compared with blood isolates of the same fungus. Morphotype, resistotype, and electrophoretic karyotype determinations did not reveal any special cluster with a unique or dominant pathogenic feature among all of the isolates,

A potential role for tissue kallikrein-related peptidases in human cervico-vaginal physiology.

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Human tissue kallikrein-related peptidases (KLK) are a family of 15 genes located on chromosome 19q13.4 that encode secreted serine proteases with trypsin- and/or chymotrypsin-like activity. Relatively large levels of many KLKs are present in human cervico-vaginal fluid (CVF) and in the supernatant

Evaluation of efficacy, pharmacokinetics and tolerability of peptidomimetic aspartic proteinase inhibitors as cream formulation in experimental vaginal candidiasis.

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OBJECTIVE It has been previously shown that the treatment with the two protease inhibitors APG12 and APG19 confers protection in a rat model of mucosal candidiasis; in this study, we examined whether these peptidomimetic inhibitors are also effective as a cream formulation in reducing Candida

Candida albicans OPI1 regulates filamentous growth and virulence in vaginal infections, but not inositol biosynthesis.

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ScOpi1p is a well-characterized transcriptional repressor and master regulator of inositol and phospholipid biosynthetic genes in the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An ortholog has been shown to perform a similar function in the pathogenic fungus Candida glabrata, but with the distinction

Pharmacology of conjugated equine estrogens: efficacy, safety and mechanism of action.

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Oral conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) are the most used estrogen formulation for postmenopausal hormone therapy either alone or in combination with a progestin. CEE is most commonly used for the management of early menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginitis, insomnia, and mood disturbances.

Safety analysis of the diaphragm in combination with lubricant or acidifying microbicide gels: effects on markers of inflammation and innate immunity in cervicovaginal fluid.

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OBJECTIVE Diaphragms are being considered for use with vaginal microbicide gels to provide enhanced protection against sexually transmitted pathogens. The purpose of this study was to determine whether use of a diaphragm with microbicide or placebo gel causes cervicovaginal inflammation or

Candida albicans VPS4 contributes differentially to epithelial and mucosal pathogenesis.

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We have previously demonstrated that the C. albicans pre-vacuolar protein sorting gene VPS4 is required for extracellular secretion of the secreted aspartyl proteases Sap2p and Saps4-6p. Furthermore, the vps4Δ null mutant has been shown to be markedly hypovirulent in a murine tail vein model of

Impact of T. vaginalis infection on innate immune responses and reproductive outcome.

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Trichomonas vaginalis is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted pathogen. The infection is prevalent in reproductive age women and is associated with vaginitis, endometritis, adnexitis, pyosalpinx, infertility, preterm birth, low birth weight, bacterial vaginosis, and increased risk of

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