vasoactive intestinal peptide/dental caries

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Calcitonin gene-related peptide II, substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide in plasma and synovial fluid from patients with inflammatory joint disease.

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Immunoreactive plasma and synovial fluid concentrations of calcitonin gene-related peptide II (CGRP II), substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were measured in patients with osteoarthritis, gout and rheumatoid arthritis. Significantly higher levels of CGRP II and substance P-like

[Effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor antagonist VIPhybrid on the development of form deprivation myopia in chicks].

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of regulation of VIPhybrid, an unselective antagonist of vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors (VIPR), on the formation and development of form deprivation myopia (FDM) in chick and the expression of protein and mRNA of VIP on the retina and choroids of in

Co-expression patterns of the neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide and cholecystokinin with the transduction molecules alpha-gustducin and T1R2 in rat taste receptor cells.

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Taste receptor cells are primary sensory receptors utilized by the nervous system to detect the presence of gustatory stimuli in the oral cavity. These cells are particularly heterogeneous and may be divided into various subtypes based on morphological, histochemical, or physiological criteria. One

Inhibition of endotoxin-induced macrophage chemokine production by vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in vitro and in vivo.

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Inflammatory chemokines recruit various populations of immune cells that initiate and maintain the inflammatory response against foreign Ags. Although such a response is necessary for the elimination of the Ag, the inflammation has to be eventually resolved in a healthy organism. Neuropeptides such

Brain delivery of vasoactive intestinal peptide enhanced with the nanoparticles conjugated with wheat germ agglutinin following intranasal administration.

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The development of biotech drugs such as peptides and proteins that act in the central nervous system has been significantly impeded by the difficulty of delivering them across the blood-brain barrier. The surface engineering of nanoparticles with lectins opened a novel pathway to the absorption of

[Experimental studies for botulinum toxin type A to antagonist the VIP/PACAP expression on nasal mucosa in allergic rhinitis rat].

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OBJECTIVE To explore the expression and significance of vasoactive intestinal peptide and Pituitary adenylate cyclase activiting polypeptide (VIP/PACAP) of nasal mucosa in rats with allergic rhinitis (AR), and the function of botulinum toxin-A(BTX-A) to inhibit the expression of VIP/PACAP in

[Neurohumoral regulation of Fallopian tube motility].

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Motility of Fallopian tubes is essential for transport of ova from peritoneal cavity uterus. Numerous substances were found to affect motility of the tubes. Catecholamines cause both relaxation and contraction isolated Fallopian tubes; it depends on type of receptor they bind for. Acetylcholine,

Ocular immune privilege in the immunosuppressive intraocular microenvironment.

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Immune privilege exists in the normal eye (anterior chamber, vitreous cavity, subretinal space): when foreign tissue/cellular grafts are placed in the eye, rejection is largely, if not completely, avoided. The ineffectiveness of the immune response in this circumstance results from eye-dependent

Molecular engineering of short half-life small peptides (VIP, αMSH and γ₃MSH) fused to latency-associated peptide results in improved anti-inflammatory therapeutics.

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OBJECTIVE To facilitate the targeting to inflammation sites of small anti-inflammatory peptides, with short half-lives, by fusion with the latency-associated peptide (LAP) of transforming growth factor β1 through a cleavable matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) linker. This design improves efficacy,

Nasal physiology: neurochemical receptors, nasal cycle, and ciliary action.

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The complex interaction of neurotransmitters, vascular supply, and mucociliary function constitute one of the main defense mechanisms of the respiratory tract, modulating airflow and response to noxious assault. One of the main controls of airflow relies upon the modulation of vasodilation and

Application of the iodide clearance technique to monitor local changes in periodontal ligament blood flow.

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The present study was undertaken to validate a newly developed technique for monitoring blood flow changes with local clearance of 125I- in the periodontal ligament (PDL). The tracer substance was allowed to diffuse into the intact PDL via a cavity that was drilled from the root canal out towards

Stable VIP analogue Ro-24-9981 potentiates substance P-induced plasma exudation in hamster cheek pouch.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP; 300 nM) and a stable cyclic analogue of VIP, Ro-24-9981 (226 nM), modulated neurogenic plasma exudation in the oral cavity in situ and, if so, to determine the mechanisms that mediated these responses. With the

Two cases of small cell carcinoma of the prostate.

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We describe the clinical and pathological findings in two Japanese men with small cell carcinoma of the prostate; case 1 was 58 years old and case 2 was 24 years old. Case 1 was initially diagnosed as a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate, stage D2, with marked elevation of serum

Short-term Haze Exposure Predisposes Healthy Volunteers to Nasal Inflammation.

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This study aimed to investigate the impact of short-term haze exposure on nasal inflammation in healthy volunteers.

METHODS

Thirty-three healthy university students were assessed for nasal symptoms, nasal patency, upper and lower respiratory tract

Inhibition of endotoxin-induced macrophage chemokine production by VIP and PACAP in vitro and in vivo.

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Inflammatory chemokines recruit immune cells which initiate and maintain the inflammatory response. Although such a response is necessary for the elimination of the antigen, the inflammation has to be eventually resolved. Peptides such as vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate

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