viremia/proline

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Physiology and metabolism in isolated viral septicemia. Further evidence of an organism-independent, host-dependent response.

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The hypothesis has been advanced that the human systemic septic response is a function of the host and not of the type of infecting organism. Metabolic and physiologic data from five immunosuppressed transplant recipients with isolated cytomegaloviral sepsis and viremia were prospectively evaluated.

West Nile Virus Temperature Sensitivity and Avian Virulence Are Modulated by NS1-2B Polymorphisms.

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West Nile virus (WNV) replicates in a wide variety of avian species, which serve as reservoir and amplification hosts. WNV strains isolated in North America, such as the prototype strain NY99, elicit a highly pathogenic response in certain avian species, notably American crows (AMCRs; Corvus

[Isolation and characterization of a non-pathogenic Marek's disease virus with a naturally inserted REV LTR sequence].

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OBJECTIVE Marek's disease virus (MDV), GD06 strain, was isolated from healthy Three-Yellow chickens without MD vaccine. In this study, we characterized GD06 strain. METHODS Meq gene and repeat short region of GD06 strain were amplified and analyzed, and the serotype was determined by indirect

Host competence and helicase activity differences exhibited by West Nile viral variants expressing NS3-249 amino acid polymorphisms.

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A single helicase amino acid substitution, NS3-T249P, has been shown to increase viremia magnitude/mortality in American crows (AMCRs) following West Nile virus (WNV) infection. Lineage/intra-lineage geographic variants exhibit consistent amino acid polymorphisms at this locus; however, the majority

Evaluation of the pathogenicity of West Nile virus (WNV) lineage 2 strains in a SPF chicken model of infection: NS3-249Pro mutation is neither sufficient nor necessary for conferring virulence.

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Lineage 2 West Nile virus (WNV) strains were reported for the first time in Europe in 2004. Despite an almost silent circulation around their entry point in Hungary, an upsurge of pathogenicity occurred in 2010 as 262 people suffered from neuroinvasive disease in Greece. This increase in virulence

Nucleotide sequence of precore region of hepatitis B virus DNA in HBsAg-positive carriers in Malaysia.

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As most published studies on precore mutants have been carried out on isolates from patients with liver diseases, and it is unclear whether HBsAg carriers with viraemia in the absence of HBeAg are also generally infected by such mutants, it was decided to sequence the precore region in some HBV-DNA

Low-level secretion of human hepatitis B virus virions caused by two independent, naturally occurring mutations (P5T and L60V) in the capsid protein.

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The functional significance of naturally occurring variants of human hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains largely unknown. Previously, we reported an immature secretion phenotype caused by a highly frequent mutation at amino acid 97 of the HBV core (capsid) protein (HBcAg). This phenotype is

Complete nucleotide sequence of the matrix protein mRNA of vesicular stomatitis virus (New Jersey serotype).

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The complete nucleotide sequence of the mRNA of the matrix (M) protein of vesicular stomatitis virus [New Jersey serotype, VSV(NJ)] was derived from a cDNA clone and mRNA. The mRNA is 758 nucleotides long (excluding polyadenylic acid) and encodes a protein of 229 amino acids. The predicted amino

Analysis of hepatitis B virus preS1 variability and prevalence of the rs2296651 polymorphism in a Spanish population.

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OBJECTIVE To determine the variability/conservation of the domain of hepatitis B virus (HBV) preS1 region that interacts with sodium-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (hereafter, NTCP-interacting domain) and the prevalence of the rs2296651 polymorphism (S267F, NTCP variant) in a Spanish

The immunogenicity of DNA constructs co-expressing GP5 and M proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus conjugated by GPGP linker in pigs.

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The heterodimer of glycoprotein 5 (GP5) and non-glycosylated matrix protein (M) is the leading target for the development of new generation of vaccines against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. It has been demonstrated that DNA vaccine co-expressing GP5 and M

Vpx is critical for SIVmne infection of pigtail macaques.

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BACKGROUND Viral protein X (Vpx) of SIV has been reported to be important for establishing infection in vivo. Vpx has several different activities in vitro, promoting preintegration complex import into the nucleus in quiescent lymphocytes and overcoming a block in reverse transcription in

Two amino acid mutations in the capsid protein of type 2 porcine circovirus (PCV2) enhanced PCV2 replication in vitro and attenuated the virus in vivo.

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Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in pigs. To identify potential genetic determinants for virulence and replication, we serially passaged a PCV2 isolate 120 times in PK-15 cells. The viruses harvested at virus

High level of susceptibility to human TRIM5α conferred by HIV-2 capsid sequences.

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BACKGROUND HIV-2, which was transmitted to humans from a distant primate species (sooty mangabey), differs remarkably from HIV-1 in its infectivity, transmissibility and pathogenicity. We have tested the possibility that a greater susceptibility of HIV-2 capsid (CA) to the human restriction factor

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