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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide prevents neuroaxonal degeneration induced by manganese in cochlear organotypic cultures.
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Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace mineral for normal growth and development. Persistent exposures to high atmospheric levels of Mn have deleterious effects on CNS and peripheral nerves including those associated with the auditory system. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a coenzyme which
Electron microscopic studies of the effect of ACTH and flavin-adenine dinucleotide on adrenocortical atrophy of rats treated with dexamethasone phosphate.
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In a previous paper the authors described the morphologic observations that the concomitant administration of ACTH and flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) to hypophysectomized rats exerted a more potent preventive effect on atrophy of the adrenal cortex of the animals than the single administration of
Protecting axonal degeneration by increasing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide levels in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models.
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Axonal damage is a major morphological alteration in the CNS of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, the underlying mechanism for the axonal damage associated with MS/EAE and its contribution to the clinical symptoms
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide replenishment rescues colon degeneration in aged mice.
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Susceptibility of gastrointestinal dysmotility increases with age-associated colonic degeneration. A paucity of remedies reversing colonic degeneration per se hinders the fundamental relief of symptoms. Here we discovered the correlation between colon degeneration and altered nicotinamide adenine
Increased Adenine Nucleotide Degradation in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy.
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Adenine nucleotides (AdNs: ATP, ADP, AMP) are essential biological compounds that facilitate many necessary cellular processes by providing chemical energy, mediating intracellular signaling, and regulating protein metabolism and solubilization. A dramatic reduction in total AdNs is observed in
Stimulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthetic pathways delays axonal degeneration after axotomy.
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Axonal degeneration occurs in many neurodegenerative diseases and after traumatic injury and is a self-destructive program independent from programmed cell death. Previous studies demonstrated that overexpression of nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 (Nmnat1) or exogenous application
Electron microscopic studies on the effect of ACTH and flavin adenine dinucleotide on adrenocortical atrophy of hypophysectomized rat.
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Electron microscopic observation was made on the outer fasciculata cells in the adrenal cortex of hypophysectomized rats receiving 10 mg of FAD and/or 0.3 mg of ACTH intraperitoneally once a day for 5 consecutive days from 24 hours after hypophysectomy. The simultaneous administration of FAD and
Lack of expansion of cytosine adenine guanine trinucleotide repeat in the dentatorubral and pallidoluysian atrophy gene in Swedish schizophrenic patients.
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[Adenine inhibition of the lymphocytopenia and the atrophy of the thymus appearing after the administration of glucose].
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Ocular myasthenia gravis associated with x-linked recessive spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.
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We describe a 34-year-old patient who was admitted with episodic diplopia, ptosis, and swallowing difficulties of 6 months duration. He also had some muscle cramps aggravated by exercise since the age of 20. Bilateral ptosis of the eyelids, normal gaze, rare fasciculations of the tongue, easy
Juvenile Leigh syndrome, optic atrophy, ataxia, dystonia, and epilepsy due to T14487C mutation in the mtDNA-ND6 gene: a mitochondrial syndrome presenting from birth to adolescence.
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An increasing number of reports describe mutations in mitochondrial DNA coding regions, especially in mitochondrial DNA- encoded nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit genes of the respiratory chain complex I, as causing early-onset Leigh syndrome. The authors report the molecular
Correlation between ventral surface structures and local degeneration of cilia during conjugation in Paramecium.
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Correlation between cortical structures, such as the suture lines and the oral apparatus, and local degeneration of cilia during conjugation was investigated using aberrantly shaped cells which were produced by treating normal cells with 2 mM adenine for 24 h. Three types of aberrantly shaped cells
Long-term follow-up of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy in Taiwan.
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OBJECTIVE
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), also known as Kennedy disease, is a rare neurodegenerative disorder presenting with insidious onset of weakness in bulbar and limb muscles. Information regarding long-term clinical and functional progression has been limited, especially for the
[3H]-adenine metabolism and radiation damage during in vitro development of the kidney.
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We followed the early post-induction changes in nucleic acid synthesis of the metanephric kidney anlage in vitro. Enhanced incorporation of [3H]-thymidine and [3H]-adenine was detected, but several factors were shown to influence the interpretation of such in vitro experiments. The incorporation is
Axonal Protection by Nicotinamide Riboside via SIRT1-Autophagy Pathway in TNF-Induced Optic Nerve Degeneration
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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) synthesis pathway has been involved in many biological functions. Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is widely used as an NAD+ precursor and known to increase NAD+ level in several tissues. The present study aimed to examine the
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