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Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is the most common metabolic disease and its prevalence is rapidly increasing. T2DM is a chronic disease that affects over 451 million people in the world and this number is expected to increase over the years and it is estimated that in 2045 there will be in the
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients.
New hypoglycemic drugs are required to undergo cardiovascular safety studies for their release. In 2015, EMPA-REG OUTCOME, which was done for empagliflozin´s approval was the first study to provide
Introduction:
Prevention of surgical site infection (SSI) continues to be a major challenge for the health care system since it incurs a substantial toll on public health and significantly inflates health care costs. SSIs are now the leading cause of health care related infections, complicating
1. MIDCAB procedure introduction
1. Surgery preparation:
General anesthesia, double lumen tracheal intubation. In the supine position, tilt 15° to the right. An automatic defibrillation electrode is attached to the right front and left rear chest wall, and the external defibrillator is connected. A
The objective of this study is to compare the risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) associated with the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in comparison with the use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors among patients with type 2 diabetes.
A common-protocol
In recent years, many medical decision support software (diagnostic or therapeutic) have emerged to help doctors in their choices. For type 2 diabetes, apart from a decision-making aid tool posted on the HAS website, the Diascope tool can be cited. A group of 12 European experts came together to
Disordered glucose tolerance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is multifactorial and includes dysfunction not only of β-cells of the pancreas, liver and muscles, but also of the adipose tissue, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, α-cells of the pancreas and the brain. Therefore, it is likely
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has a pivotal role in the initiation as well as the progression of atherosclerosis. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) exerts a protective effect on the cardiovascular system, and serum HDL-cholesterol levels correlates inversely with atherosclerosis severity,
OBJECTIVE Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a public health problem in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The presence of type 2 diabetes in patients with NAFLD is a risk factor for its progression to a more severe liver disease known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is an increasing disease, with a prevalence and incidence of about 1% and 0.15% of the general population respectively, affecting at least 300,000 patients in the USA. However, in cases of advanced heart failure, refractory to maximal medical therapy, and to devices
Hyperglycemia is a common finding in patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with and without diabetes (1-4). Though percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the cornerstone of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Hemodialysis (HD) is the most worldwide prescribed renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease. This treatment that relies heavily on technology has undergone major modifications in the last five decades in order to improve patients' outcomes. Those changes that aimed at
Over the past 20 years, the number of adults with diabetes has tripled in the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), diabetes mellitus (DM) affected 30.2 million American adults in 2015.
Previous studies showed that for each 1% reduction in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), there
Introduction
Background and rationale
Since the release of the recombinant human erythropoietin (rhuEPO) at the beginning of the 90s, transfusions are less needed to treat anemia in chronic kidney disease patients. This has been a major revolution in the management of renal anemia in chronic kidney
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of diseases that include both the heart and blood vessels, thereby including coronary heart disease (CHD) and coronary artery disease (CAD), and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) among several other conditions. CHD causes about one-third of all deaths in people