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The term 'Charles Bonnet syndrome' refers to visual pseudohallucinations occurring especially in elderly people with reduced visual acuity. Despite numerous case reports, few successful methods of treatment have been described. Therapies with classical neuroleptics, antidepressants or
BACKGROUND
Rodent studies show that neurogenesis is necessary for mediating the salutary effects of antidepressants. Nonhuman primate (NHP) studies may bridge important rodent findings to the clinical realm since NHP-depression shares significant homology with human depression and kinetics of
Sensory visual pathologies, accompanying simple or complex visual hallucinations that occur in visually-impaired individuals due to ophthalmologic or brain pathologies related to visual pathways in patients without mental disorders, are defined as Charles Bonnet syndrome. Between 10% and 60% of the
Musical hallucinations have been described in numerous neurologic and psychiatric patients, but their pathophysiologic background is not understood. Analyzing the published cases, five subgroups can be separated according to their etiology: hypacusis, psychiatric disorders, focal brain lesions,
Musical hallucination is a disorder of complex sound processing of instrumental music, songs, choirs, chants, etc. The underlying pathologies include moderate to severe acquired hearing loss (the auditory equivalent of Charles Bonnet syndrome), psychiatric illnesses (depression, schizophrenia), drug
The search for novel anxiolytics and antidepressants has focused on compounds with the potential to reduce excessive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. L-glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter ubiquitously present within the central nervous system, conceivably plays an important