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Enantioselective chromatography in analysis of triacylglycerols common in edible fats and oils.

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Enantiomers of racemic triacylglycerol (TAG) mixtures were separated using two chiral HPLC columns with a sample recycling system and a UV detector. A closed system without sample derivatisation enabled separation and identification by using enantiopure reference compounds of eleven racemic TAGs

Mitochondrial diabetes and its lessons for common Type 2 diabetes.

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Multiple pathogenic pathways are able to deregulate glucose homoeostasis leading to diabetes. The 3243A>G mutation in the mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA)-encoded tRNALeu,UUR gene was found by us to be associated with a particular diabetic subtype, designated MIDD (maternally inherited diabetes and

Polystyrene microplastics decrease accumulation of essential fatty acids in common freshwater algae.

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Despite growing concern about the occurrence of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems there is only rudimentary understanding of the pathways through which any adverse effects might occur. Here, we assess the effects of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs; <70 μm) on a common and widespread algal

Flight capability and fatty acid level in triacylglycerol of long-distance migratory adults of the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura.

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The larvae of Spodoptera litura were reared on an artificial diet, and the flight capability, and triacylglycerol (TG) level plus its fatty acid composition in 3-day-old sexually mature and non-fed adults were compared. In males, during 3 hr of tethered flight, the levels of abdominal TG and its

In Vivo and Ex Vivo Inflammatory Markers of Common Metabolic Phenotypes in Humans.

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Low-grade systemic inflammation (LGSI) is often characterized by elevated levels of interleukin (IL)6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Other serum proteins, ex vivo-stimulated cytokine production, and leukocyte count have, however, also been suggested LGSI-markers, but

Common mechanisms of monoacylglycerol and fatty acid uptake by human intestinal Caco-2 cells.

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Free fatty acids (FFA) and sn-2-monoacylglycerol (sn-2-MG), the two hydrolysis products of dietary triacylglycerol, are absorbed from the lumen into polarized enterocytes that line the small intestine. Intensive studies regarding FFA transport across the brush-border membrane of the enterocyte are

Hydrolysis of tri- and monoacylglycerol by lipoprotein lipase: evidence for a common active site.

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The relationship between triacylglycerol and monoacylglycerol hydrolyzing activities of purified rat heart lipoprotein lipase was studied using emulsified trioleoylglycerol and micellar or albumin-bound monooleoylglycerol as substrates. The maximal reaction rates obtained with the two substrates

Are there common genetic and environmental factors behind the endophenotypes associated with the metabolic syndrome?

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OBJECTIVE The cluster of obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hypertension, called the metabolic syndrome, has been suggested as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether there are common genetic and environmental

Common variation in the lipoprotein lipase gene: effects on plasma lipids and risk of atherosclerosis.

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The importance of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in the development of dyslipidaemia and atherosclerosis is increasingly recognised. Variations in the LPL gene which are common in the general population have been shown to be associated with alterations in plasma lipids. D9N and N291S both occur

Sequence variants in SLC16A11 are a common risk factor for type 2 diabetes in Mexico.

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Performing genetic studies in multiple human populations can identify disease risk alleles that are common in one population but rare in others, with the potential to illuminate pathophysiology, health disparities, and the population genetic origins of disease alleles. Here we analysed 9.2 million

Oxidation kinetics of common Kilka (Clupeonella cultiventris caspia) oil in presence of bene oils' unsaponifiable matter.

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The oxidation mechanisms and kinetics of the purified common Kilka (Clupeonella cultiventris caspia) triacylglycerols (PKO) as affected by 1-1.5% (w/w) of unsaponifiable matters of bene kernel (UKO) and hull (UHO) oils were studied and compared with that of 100 mg/kg of butylated hydroxytoluene

Purification and characterization of biliverdin-binding vitellogenin from the hemolymph of the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura.

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Biliverdin-binding vitellogenin (Vg) was purified from adult female hemolymph of the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura, by using gel filtration and ion exchange chromatographies. The molecular mass of the protein was 490 kDa and it was composed of two 188-kDa subunits. Three internal amino acid

Lipolysis in the absence of hormone-sensitive lipase: evidence for a common mechanism regulating distinct lipases.

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Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is presumed to be essential for lipolysis, which is defined as the mobilization of free fatty acids from adipocytes. In the present study, we investigated the effects of various lipolytic hormones on the lipolysis in adipocytes derived from mouse embryonic fibroblasts

Effects of diet and exercise on common cardiovascular disease risk factors in moderately obese older women.

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Diet and exercise studies of premenopausal women have shown reductions in obesity and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Forty-one healthy, moderately obese (120-140% of ideal body weight, LBW), postmenopausal women (65.6 +/- 3.3 y) participating in 24-wk diet or diet + exercise

Metabolomic, functional, and ecologic responses of the common freshwater fungus Neonectria lugdunensis to mine drainage stress.

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Metal contamination of watersheds is a global problem. Here, we conducted litter decomposition studies with Neonectria lugdunensis, a cosmopolitan aquatic fungus. Fungal isolates from four reference (non-impacted) and six metal-contaminated streams (due to mine drainage) were exposed to mine

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