craniosynostoses/prolina

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Proline to arginine mutations in FGF receptors 1 and 3 result in Pfeiffer and Muenke craniosynostosis syndromes through enhancement of FGF binding affinity.

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Identical proline-->arginine gain-of-function mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 1 (Pro252Arg), FGFR2 (Pro253Arg) and FGFR3 (Pro250Arg), result in type I Pfeiffer, Apert and Muenke craniosynostosis syndromes, respectively. Here, we characterize the effects of proline-->arginine

Sex related expressivity of the phenotype in coronal craniosynostosis caused by the recurrent P250R FGFR3 mutation.

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A recurrent point mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene that converts proline 250 into arginine is commonly associated with coronal craniosynostosis and has allowed definition of a new syndrome on a molecular basis. Sixty-two patients with sporadic or familial forms of

Craniosynostosis associated with FGFR3 pro250arg mutation results in a range of clinical presentations including unisutural sporadic craniosynostosis.

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Several mutations involving the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) gene family have been identified in association with phenotypically distinct forms of craniosynostosis. One such point mutation, resulting in the substitution of proline by arginine in a critical region of the linker region

[A case of bilateral coronal craniosynostosis with the P250R mutation in FGFR3 gene].

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Recently, the substitution of proline 250 by arginine in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene, has been identified in patients with craniosynostosis and defines a new syndrome on a molecular basis. We report a 1-year-1-month-old female with bilateral coronal craniosynostosis who had

A mutation in the homeodomain of the human MSX2 gene in a family affected with autosomal dominant craniosynostosis.

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Craniosynostosis, the premature fusion of calvarial sutures, is a common developmental anomaly that causes abnormal skull shape. The locus for one autosomal dominant form of craniosynostosis has been mapped to chromosome 5qter. The human MSX2 gene localizes to chromosome 5, and a polymorphic marker

Boston type craniosynostosis: report of a second mutation in MSX2.

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We describe a family that segregated an autosomal dominant form of craniosynostosis characterized by variable expression and limited extra-cranial features. Linkage analysis and genome sequencing were performed to identify the underlying genetic mutation. A c.443C>T missense mutation in MSX2, which

A Pro250Arg substitution in mouse Fgfr1 causes increased expression of Cbfa1 and premature fusion of calvarial sutures.

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Pfeiffer syndrome is a classic form of craniosynostosis that is caused by a proline-->arginine substitution at amino acid 252 (Pro252Arg) in fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1). Here we show that mice carrying a Pro250Arg mutation in Fgfr1, which is orthologous to the Pfeiffer syndrome

FAD104, a regulatory factor of adipogenesis, acts as a novel regulator of calvarial bone formation.

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Osteogenesis is a complex process that is orchestrated by several growth factors, extracellular cues, signaling molecules, and transcriptional factors. Understanding the mechanisms of bone formation is pivotal for clarifying the pathogenesis of bone diseases. Previously, we reported that fad104

Sonic hedgehog signal peptide mutation in a patient with holoprosencephaly.

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We investigated the molecular basis of holoprosencephaly in a sporadic patient and identified a novel missense mutation in the signal sequence of the sonic hedgehog (Shh) gene. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head showed a lobar type of holoprosencephaly and partial agenesis of the anterior corpus

DNA binding and transcriptional properties of wild-type and mutant forms of the homeodomain protein Msx2.

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Msx2 is a mammalian homeodomain protein that is expressed during craniofacial development. A proline-to-histidine substitution at residue 148 of human Msx2 results in an autosomal dominant form of craniosynostosis. In this study, both wild-type and mutant Msx2 were shown to specifically bind to a

The pathogenicity of the Pro1148Ala substitution in the FBN1 gene: causing or predisposing to Marfan syndrome and aortic aneurysm, or clinically innocent?

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In individuals with the Marfan syndrome (MFS), mutations have been identified in the fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1) at 15q21.1. A proline-to-alanine change at position 1148 in exon 27 (Pro1148Ala) has been reported in probands with MFS, aortic aneurysm or Marfanoid-craniosynostosis. It was suggested that

Coronal synostosis syndrome (Muenke syndrome): the value of genetic testing versus clinical diagnosis.

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BACKGROUND Muenke syndrome is a fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR-3)-associated coronal craniosynostosis syndrome, which was first described in 1997. METHODS We report an infant girl who was born to a 29-year-old primapara at 38 weeks' gestation. When evaluated at 3 days old, physical

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 mutation in nonsyndromic coronal synostosis: clinical spectrum, prevalence, and surgical outcome.

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OBJECTIVE A recurrent point mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene that converts proline 250 into arginine has been reported recently in cases of apparently nonsyndromic coronal craniosynostosis. The goal of the present study was to examine the phenotype of patients in whom this

Miz1, a novel zinc finger transcription factor that interacts with Msx2 and enhances its affinity for DNA.

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Msx2 is a homeobox gene with a regulatory role in inductive tissue interactions, including those that pattern the skull. We demonstrated previously that individuals affected with an autosomal dominant disorder of skull morphogenesis (craniosynostosis, Boston type) bear a mutated form of Msx2 in

Destabilization of the TWIST1/E12 complex dimerization following the R154P point-mutation of TWIST1: an in silico approach.

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The bHLH transcription factor TWIST1 plays a key role in the embryonic development and in tumorigenesis. Some loss-of-function mutations of the TWIST1 gene have been shown to cause an autosomal dominant craniosynostosis, known as the Saethre-Chotzen syndrome (SCS). Although the functional impacts of

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