A continuous intravenous infusion of lidocaine

A continuous intravenous infusion of saline

A continuous intravenous infusion of lidocaine
Lidocaine infusion: Lidocaine intravenous 2mg/kg initial bolus over 5 minutes followed by a continuous intravenous infusion of lidocaine at a rate of 2mg /kg /hour for 4 hours

Lidocaine Infusion

A continuous intravenous infusion of saline
Saline infusion: A continuous intravenous infusion of saline at the same volume with lidocaine infusion for 4 hours

Saline Infusion

Total

Sex: Female, Male

Region of Enrollment

Visual Analog Pain Scores on a scale of 0 to 10 (0=no pain and 10=worst pain)

Intensity of Pain

The time to withdraw at the Cold Pressor Task immediately after 4-hours intravenous continuous lidocaine infusion

Withdrawal Time (Seconds)

Overall Study

Enas Kandil

Chronic Pain

Lidocaine intravenous 2mg/kg initial bolus over 5 minutes followed by a continuous intravenous infusion of lidocaine at a rate of 2mg /kg /hour for 4 hours

Lidocaine infusion

A continuous intravenous infusion of saline at the same volume with lidocaine infusion for 4 hours

Saline infusion

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Parkland Health Hospital System

Lidocaine Infusion for Chronic Pain in Opioid Dependent Patients

Asistant Professor

Esmolol administered at a rate of 0.5 mg/kg followed by an infusion of 5-15 mcg/kg/min

.9 normal saline infused at the same rate (/mg/kg bolus followed by 5-15 mcg/kg/mn) as the Esmolol would be administered,

Esmolol administered at a rate of 0.5 mg/kg followed by an infusion of 5-15 mcg/kg/min
Esmolol administered at a rate of 0.5 mg/kg followed by an infusion of 5-15 mcg/kg/min: Esmolol administered at a rate of 0.5 mg/kg followed by an infusion of 5-15 mcg/kg/min

Esmolol

.9 normal saline infused at the same rate (/mg/kg bolus followed by 5-15 mcg/kg/mn) as the Esmolol would be administered,
Placebo Comparator: .9 normal saline: Placebo Comparator: Placebo .9 normal saline infused at the same rate (/mg/kg bolus followed by 5-15 mcg/kg/mn) as the Esmolol would be administered,

.9 Normal Saline

BMI is the abbreviation for body mass index which is represented by the following:
(kg/m^2)

BMI (kg/m^2)

Intraoperative Fentanyl (mcg)

Surgical Duration

The grading system is to evaluate the degree of a patient's physical state before undergoing anesthetic procedure. 1-6 1 being healthy patient and 6 being brain dead.

American Society of Anesthesiologist Classification

Quality of recovery questionnaire score at 24 hours after surgery. Quality of recovery score 24 hours after the surgical procedure.Score of 40 is poor recovery and a score of 200 is good recovery.
Time frame for this evaluation is 24 hours after the surgical procedure

Qor-40 at 24 Hours Postoperative

The total amount of opioid consumed by subject at 24 hours after surgery measured in IV morphine equivalents.

Postoperative Opioid Consumption

Post operative pain reported by the subject as determined as area under the numeric rating scale for pain versus time curve in the post anesthesia care unit ( score*min).Numeric rating scale for pain on a scale of 0-10 (0 is no pain and 10 is high pain) versus time curve in the post anesthesia care unit ( score * min). A higher value indicates more pain over 24 hours.The range is 0 pain to x time in minutes x hour ( 60-1440 minutes) . The pain scores were collected at 15 minute intervals from the time of admission to the PACU to 24 hours after the surgical procedure. The area under the NRS pain scale versus time curve was calculated using the trapezoidal method as an indicator of pain burden during early recovery (Graph Pad Prism ver 5.03, Graph Pad Software INC.

Post Operative Pain Reported by the Subject.

Gildasio De Oliveira, M.D.

Pain

Placebo Comparator: Placebo .9 normal saline infused at the same rate (/mg/kg bolus followed by 5-15 mcg/kg/mn) as the Esmolol would be administered,

hyperalgesia/infartarse

Lidocaine Infusion for Chronic Pain in Opioid Dependent Patients

The Effect of Intraoperative Esmolol to Improve Postoperative Quality of Recovery and Pain After Ambulatory Surgery

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