This group patients will determine as those who were administered 0.3 mg/kg rocuronium

This group patients will determine as those who were administered 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium

Thyroid

This group will determine as those who were administered 0.3 mg/kg rocuronium,

Intraoperative nerve monitoring

Bakırkoy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital

Low-dose Rocuronium Effect Neural Monitoring in Thyroid Surgery

Low-dose Rocuronium Provides Adequate Muscle Relaxation and Increases the Effectiveness of Intraoperative Neural Monitoring in Thyroid Surgery

Variation of nerve signal detection time with dose of rocuronium

Comparison of differences in operation time period between the groups whether IONM

Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital

bolus intravenous injection of 3 to 4µg/kg of remifentanil after hypnotic administration for a crush anesthetic induction

Bolus intravenous injection of 1mg/kg of Succinylcholine or Rocuronium after hypnotic administration for a crush anesthetic induction

Intra-tracheal Intubation

Remifentanil group

neuromuscular blockade group

University Hospital

Military Hospital

CHD Vendée

Hospital

University hospital (SALENGRO hospital)

University Hospital Lyon Sud

Le Confluent

Assessment of Remifentanil for Rapid Sequence Induction and Intubation in Full Stomach Patient Compared to Muscle Relaxant

Assessment of Remifentanil for Rapid Sequence Induction and Intubation in Full Stomach Patient Compared to Muscle Relaxant. A Non-inferiority Simple Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Primary endpoint is the rate of tracheal intubation without major complications as defined by
tracheal intubation with less than 2 laryngoscopies
no aspiration during the 10 minutes after induction
no desaturation under 95% during the 10 minutes after induction
no hypo or hypertension as defined by a MAP<50mmHg or >110mmHg
no ventricular arrhythmia involving an emergency treatment or cardiac arrest during the 10 minutes after induction
no grade III or IV anaphylactic reaction during the 10 minutes after induction

score IDS3 is a composite score for evaluating the difficulty of intubation under laryngoscopy.

Cormack Lehane score This score describes laryngoscopic views during orotracheal intubation:
Cormack 1: The glottis is seen in its entirety
Cormack 2: Only the posterior half of the glottis is seen
Cormack 3: Only a tiny part of the glottis is seen
Cormack 4: The glottis is hidden by the epiglottis and tongue.

Evaluated by POGO (Percentage of opening of the gluteal opening) The opening of the orifice is defined by the distance between the anterior and posterior corners of the glottis.
A POGO score of 0% means that the glottic opening is not visible.
A POGO score of 100% means that the entire glottic gap is visible

delay between hypnotic injection and apparition of the sixth capnographic curve

frequency of saturation between 80 et 95% and under 80% following anesthetic induction

proportion of patients with cardiac frequency under 45 or above 110 and / or systolic arterial pressure under 80 mmHg or above 160 mmHg and or mean arterial pressure under 55mmHg or above 100 mmHg during the ten minutes following induction

proportion of patient with teeth or tracheal (endoscopic exam) trauma

proportion of patients with grade I or II anaphylactic reaction

POST grade (postoperative sore throat) is evaluated at 1 h after extubation
Grade 0 = No pain Grade 1 = Mild pain (complains of pain on request) Grade 2 = Moderate pain (complains of pain spontaneously) Grade 3 = Severe pain (voice change, hoarseness, aphonia)

proportion of patients who developed pneumonia at day 7 of hospitalization, as defined by new lung infiltration at chest X-ray or tomodensitometry scanner associated with at least one of the following symptom : new purulent expectoration, change of chronic expectorations, fever> 38°C, leukocyte count < 4000/mL or > 12000/mL, positive blood culture and pathogen identification on respiratory sample

proportion of patients who developed post-operative respiratory distress within 7 days of hospitalization defined by acute respiratory failure with hypoxemia, PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 300 mmHg, new bilateral infiltrations on chest X-ray without cardiac etiology

proportion of patients who died in hospital

Nantes University Hospital

Randomized controlled trial in 2 parallel groups assigned to tested drug in intervention group and to reference treatment for control group.

Patients in this group will undergo a first atrial fibrillation catheter ablation procedure with pulmonary vein isolation to study esophageal lesions. The esophageal protection probe will not be used.

Patients in this group will undergo a first atrial fibrillation catheter ablation procedure with pulmonary vein isolation, using the esophageal protection probe EnsoETM

Atrial Fibrillation

Catheter Ablation

Esophageal Fistula

Esophageal Diseases

Arrhythmias, Cardiac

The EnsoETM is a device with a esophageal probe that can provide temperature adjustment

EnsoETM

Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau

Esophageal Damage Protection During Pulmonary Vein Ablation. Pilot Study.

Evaluation of Esophageal Damage During Conventional Pulmonary Vein Ablation Procedures and Potential Strategies to Protect the Esophagus. Pilot Study.

Presence of esophageal lesions will be determined after ablation using esophagogastroscopy.

Degree of esophageal lesions will be determined after ablation using esophagogastroscopy. Degree of esophageal lesions severity will be determined according to the Zargar endoscopy classification (0, I, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb, IV)

Presence of esophageal lesions will be determined after ablation using magnetic resonance imaging

Recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation will be determined in the follow-up:
clinically, as episodes with high clinical suspicion of being atrial fibrillation despite no ECG documentation
documented in ECG or in 24-hours holter monitoring, and defined as an episode lasting more than 30 seconds. 24-hours holter monitoring will be performed 3, 6 and 12 months after catheter ablation

Fundació Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau

Patients referred for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (either cryoablation or radiofrequency ablation (1/1)) will be randomized to either receive or not (1/1) an esophageal temperature adjustment EnsoETM device, to evaluate its role for esophageal protection.

1. Anesthesia-sedation KETOFOL 1-1: Two milligrams per kilogram of ketamine plus two milligrams per kilogram of propofol in a solution 1:1 (one milligram of ketamine per one milligram of propofol) was given to those patients randomly asigned to this group, who were scheduled for any short surgical procedures previously defined in the inclusion criteria.

2. Anesthesia-sedation KETOFOL 1-2: One milligram per kilogram of ketamine plus two milligrams per kilogram of propofol in a solution 1:2 (one milligram of ketamine per two milligrams of propofol) was given to those patients randomly asigned to this group, who were scheduled for any short surgical procedure previously defined in the inclusion criteria.

Anesthesia; Reaction

After randomization to the study group, the patients were given:
Procedures < 10 minutes
Ketamine-Propofol Combination KETOFOL 1:1
Propofol: 0.2 cc/kg (10 mg/cc = 2 mg/kg)
Ketamine: cc/kg 0.04 (50 mg/cc = 2 mg/kg)
Simple 1% lidocaine: 0,1 cc/kg (10 mg/cc = 1 mg/kg)
Ketamine-Propofol Combination KETOFOL 1:2
Propofol: 0.2 cc/kg (10 mg/cc = 2 mg/kg)
Ketamine: 0.02 cc/kg (50 mg/cc = 1 mg/kg)
Simple 1% lidocaine: 0,1 cc/kg (10 mg/cc = 1 mg/kg)
Procedures > 10 minutes
In addition to the initial bolus, an infusion was started:
KETOFOL 1:1
20 cc of propofol (10 mg/cc = 200 mg in total) 4 cc of ketamine (50 mg/cc = 200 mg in total) 10cc lidocaine 1% simple (10 mg/cc = 100 mg in total) 66 cc 0.9% SSN
KETOFOL 1:2
20 cc of propofol (10 mg/cc = 200 mg in total) 2 cc of ketamine (50 mg/cc = 100 mg in total) 10cc lidocaine 1% simple (10 mg/cc = 100 mg in total) 68 cc 0.9% SSN
Speed infusion:
0,03cc/kg/min

Ketamina-Propofol Combination

Efficacy of Ketamine-Propofol for Short Surgical Procedures

EFFICACY OF KETAMINE-PROPOFOL COMBINATION FOR SHORT SURGICAL PROCEDURES

Sedation / analgesia was considered successful if the procedure was completed without the need for other anesthetic drugs are different from the protocol, and yes no adverse effects to oblige the completion of the procedure. Apnea was defined as cessation of breathing for at least 20 seconds. Hypotension was defined as 20% decrease in mean arterial pressure. Bradycardia was defined as a pulse of less than two standard deviations below normal values defined by the American Heart Association (AHA_ for its acronym in Ingles_). Hypoxia was defined by an oxygen saturation of less than 90%.

malignant hyperthermia/obesidad

Low-dose Rocuronium Effect Neural Monitoring in Thyroid Surgery

Assessment of Remifentanil for Rapid Sequence Induction and Intubation in Full Stomach Patient Compared to Muscle Relaxant

Esophageal Damage Protection During Pulmonary Vein Ablation. Pilot Study.

Efficacy of Ketamine-Propofol for Short Surgical Procedures

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