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An oligosaccharide fraction isolated from the mycelium of the Lingzhi or Reishi medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (GLOS) was separated by size-exclusion chromatography. The chemical structure of GLOS consists of a disaccharide repeating unit [-4-β-1-Galf(1-6)-O-(β-Glcp)-1-]n (n=3,4). In addition,
Sialidosis is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by pathogenic variants in NEU1 which encodes lysosomal sialidase (neuraminidase 1). Lysosomal neuraminidase catalyzes the removal of terminal sialic acid molecules from glycolipids, glycoproteins and oligosaccharides. Sialidosis
Sialic acids play important roles in various biological functions. In the brain, evidence suggests that sialylation of glycoproteins and glycolipids affects neural plasticity. While the 18 sialyltransferase isoenzymes (STs) identified to date synthesize individual sialyl-oligosaccharide structures,
Lectins are proteins capable of reversible binding to carbohydrates or glycoconjugates. In the central nervous system of mammals, lectins with affinity for mannose/glucose or galactose can modulate cellular communication. ConBr, a lectin isolated from the seeds of Canavalia brasiliensis, previously
Deficiency of GDP-Man:Man1GlcNAc2-PP-dolichol mannosyltransferase (hALG2), is the cause of a new type of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) designated CDG-Ii. The patient presented normal at birth but developed in the 1st year of life a multisystemic disorder with mental retardation,
Epilepsy is commonly observed in congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG), but no distinctive electroclinical pattern has been recognized. We aimed at identifying a characteristic clinical presentation that might help targeted diagnostic work-up.
Based on the initial observation of an index case
Glucosidase I is an important enzyme in N-linked glycoprotein processing, removing specifically distal alpha-1,2-linked glucose from the Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 precursor after its en bloc transfer from dolichyl diphosphate to a nascent polypeptide chain in the endoplasmic reticulum. We have identified a
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG), formerly known as carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndromes, lead to diseases with variable clinical pictures. We report the delineation of a novel type of CDG identified in 2 children presenting with severe developmental delay, seizures, and
The anticonvulsant potential of Ficus carica methanol-extract (Fc) has been studied. It was found that Fc most active fraction is rich in oligosaccharides (OFG). 1H, 13C NMR and Nano-ESI, MALDI MS, and LC-MS techniques proved that OFG contains alpha-glucopyranoside
BACKGROUND
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) often manifest with cherry red macular spots. Diagnosis is based on clinical features and specific biochemical and enzymatic patterns. In uncertain cases, genetic testing with next generation sequencing can establish a diagnosis, especially in milder or
Two additional patients with alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (alpha-NAGA) deficiency are described. An 11-month-old girl with nonconsanguineous parents had generalized seizures and no angiokeratoma. Biochemical investigation showed persistent slight oligosacchariduria; enzymatic analysis of plasma,
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) comprise a clinically and biochemically heterogeneous group of monogenetic-inherited, multisystemic diseases that affect the biosynthesis of N- and/or O-glycans linked to glycoconjugates. Recently, we identified the first patient with a defect in the
BACKGROUND
Congenital disorders of glycosylation are rare conditions caused by genetic defects in glycan synthesis, processing or transport. Most congenital disorders of glycosylation involve defects in the formation or transfer of the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor of N-linked glycans.
Sandhoff disease (gangliosidosis type 0) is a lysosomal storage disorder with a deficiency of hexosaminidases A and B. After an initially normal development the clinical course of affected children is severe and rapidly progressive leading to spastic tetraparesis, epileptic seizures and early death.
Up to now eight patients with alpha-NAGA deficiency have been described. This includes the newly identified patient reported here who died unexpectedly aged 1 1/2 years of hypoxia during convulsions; necropsy was not performed. Three patients have been genotyped previously and here we report the