pneumococcal infections/diarrea

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Prevention of pneumococcal disease through vaccination.

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The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), adopted by world leaders in the year 2000 with an aim to accomplish them by 2015, provide concrete benchmarks for tackling extreme poverty in its many dimensions. One aim is to reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children <5 years of age. The deaths

Hospitalizations and Deaths Associated with Diarrhea and Respiratory Diseases among Children Aged 0⁻5 Years in a Referral Hospital of Mauritania.

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Diarrhea and respiratory diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among <5-year-olds worldwide, but systematic data are not available from Mauritania. We conducted a hospital-based retrospective study. Data on admissions to Mauritania's National Referral Hospital (the main

[Watery diarrhea with fever: consider the possibility of pneumococcal meningitis].

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The purpose of this report is to describe two rare cases of pneumococcal meningitis observed in Africa. Both cases were revealed by gastrointestinal symptoms characterized by abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. Due to the potential severity of bacterial meningitis, early diagnosis is required. Since

Invasive pneumococcal disease and hemolytic uremic syndrome.

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OBJECTIVE Severe pneumococcal infections have been associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), usually with a poor clinical outcome when compared with Escherichia coli O157 gastroenteritis-associated (D+) HUS. We examined our experience with 12 cases of Streptococcus pneumoniae-associated HUS

Pneumococcal meningitis following parenteral alimentation in infants.

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Three young infants with protracted diarrhea and malnutrition were successfully treated by means of intravenous nutrition, which included infusions of fat emulsion (Intralipid) and of fresh frozen plasma. Three to five weeks after termination of intravenous feeding, and after full recovery, they

Acute enteritis associated with pneumococcal bacteremia.

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We describe an elderly male who had a two day history of fever, abdominal pain and watery loose motions. Clinical examination was positive for abdominal right lower quadrant tenderness and moderate dehydration. Stool examination revealed inflammatory diarrhea. Considering the high prevalence of

Spectrum of abdominal and pelvic infections caused by pneumococci in previously healthy adult women.

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Eleven cases of pneumococcal infection of abdominal and pelvic origin that occurred in previously healthy adults are described. All cases occurred in women who were admitted to a county hospital in Norway with acute abdominal symptoms such as pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Explorative

Plasmacytic neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract in a patient with long-standing monoclonal gammopathy.

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We have reported the 21-year follow-up of a patient with progressive monoclonal IgG lambda gammopathy and recurrent pneumococcal infections who had diarrhea and weight loss. The serum IgG had risen from 2,850 mg/dl in 1966 to 6,120 mg/dl in 1986, but repeated evaluations had shown no evidence of

A time for reappraisal of "atypical" hemolytic uremic syndrome: should all patients be treated the same?

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Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) refers to the triad of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury in the absence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli exposure or Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Currently, approximately 50 % of the atypical cases

A Case Report of Pneumococcal Septic Arthritis Following a Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Prodrome with Accompanying Literature Review.

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We report an uncommon case of septic arthritis of the ankle from a Streptococcus pneumoniae infection and provide an update of the literature reported since 2002. A 58-year-old female presented to the hospital with right ankle pain and an inability to bear weight. She reported a history of

Septic Shock and Purpura Fulminans Due to Streptococcus pneumoniae Bacteremia in an Unvaccinated Immunocompetent Adult: Case Report and Review

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BACKGROUND Despite proven efficacy of vaccinations against Streptococcus pneumoniae in preventing infection, only 70% of eligible individuals receive the vaccine in the United States. Pneumococcal bacteremia represents a form of invasive pneumococcal disease and is associated with high mortality,

Bacteremia in children: an outpatient clinical review.

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In a 20-month period, 1,783 children seen in the pediatric outpatient department had blood cultures performed and 117 (6.5%) of these children had bacteremia. Two thirds of the isolates were Diplococcus pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenzae b. Ninety-three percent of children with H. influenzae b

[Hemolytic and uremic syndrome and maternal-fetal Escherichia coli K1 infection].

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Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is primarily a disease of infancy and early childhood. In its classic form, it is preceded by a prodrome of Escherichia coli-mediated bloody mucoid diarrhea. Typical HUS is commonly related to an infection by shiga-toxin producing E. coli. Stool cultures may detect

Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of community-acquired invasive bacterial infections in children aged 2-29 months in The Gambia.

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BACKGROUND The incidence of community-acquired bacteremia (CAB) in Africa is several-fold higher than in industrialized countries. We report here the incidence of invasive bacterial infections in rural Gambia and compare the clinical characteristics of children with pneumococcal infection with those

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome in Switzerland: a nationwide surveillance 1997-2003.

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Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) is a leading cause of acute renal failure in childhood. In its typical presentation, it is preceded by an episode of diarrhea mostly due to Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli. There is important geographical variation of many aspects of this syndrome. Nationwide

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